LRI2K
2048-bit EEPROM tag IC at 13.56 MHz, with 64-bit UID and kill code, ISO 15693 and ISO 18000-3 Mode 1 compliant
Features
ISO 15693 standard fully compliant ISO 18000-3 Mode 1 standard fully compliant 13.56 MHz 7 kHz carrier frequency To tag: 10% or 100% ASK modulation using 1/4 (26 Kbit/s) or 1/256 (1.6 Kbit/s) pulse position coding From tag: load modulation using Manchester coding with 423 kHz and 484 kHz subcarriers in low (6.6 Kbit/s) or high (26 Kbit/s) data rate mode. Supports the 53 Kbit/s data rate with Fast commands Internal tuning capacitor (21 pF, 23.5 pF, 28.5 pF, 97 pF) 1 000 000 Erase/Write cycles (minimum) 40 year data retention (minimum) 2048 bits EEPROM with Block Lock feature 64-bit unique identifier (UID) Electrical article surveillance capable (software controlled) Kill function Read & Write (Block of 32 bits) 5 ms programming time Packages ECOPACK (RoHS compliant) Wafer UFDFPN8 (MB) 2 × 3 mm˛ (MLP)
September 2008
Rev 8
1/86
www.st.com 1
Contents
LRI2K
Contents
1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.1 1.2 1.3 Memory mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Initial dialogue for vicinity cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.3.1 1.3.2 1.3.3 Power transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Operating field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2 3
Communication signal from VCD to LRI2K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Data rate and data coding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Data coding mode: 1 out of 256 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Data coding mode: 1 out of 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 VCD to LRI2K frames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Star t of frame (SOF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
4
Communications signal from LRI2K to VCD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
4.1 4.2 4.3 Load modulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Subcarrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Data rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
5
Bit representation and coding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
5.1 Bit coding using one subcarrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
5.1.1 5.1.2 High data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Low data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.2
Bit coding using two subcarriers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
5.2.1 5.2.2 High data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Low data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6
LRI2K to VCD frames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
6.1 SOF when using one subcarrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
6.1.1 6.1.2 High data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Low data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
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6.2
SOF when using two subcarriers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
6.2.1 6.2.2 High data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Low data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
6.3
EOF when using one subcarrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
6.3.1 6.3.2 High data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Low data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
6.4
EOF when using two subcarriers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
6.4.1 6.4.2 High data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Low data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
7 8 9
Unique identifier (UID) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Application family identifier (AFI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Data storage format identifier (DSFID) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
9.1 CRC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
10 11
LRI2K protocol description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 LRI2K states . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 Power-off state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Ready state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Quiet state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Selected state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
12
Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
12.1 12.2 12.3 Addressed mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Non-Addressed mode (general request) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Select mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
13
Request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
13.1 Request flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
14
Response format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
14.1 14.2 Response flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Response error code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
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15
Anticollision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
15.1 Request parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
16 17 18 19
Request processing by the LRI2K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Explanation of the possible cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Inventory Initiated command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Timing definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
19.1 19.2 19.3 t1: LRI2K response delay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 t2: VCD new request delay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 t3: VCD new request delay in the absence of a response from the LRI2K 45
20
Commands codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
20.1 20.2 20.3 20.4 20.5 20.6 20.7 20.8 20.9 Inventory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Stay Quiet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Read Single Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Write Single Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Lock Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Read Multiple Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Select . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Reset to Ready . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Write AFI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
20.10 Lock AFI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 20.11 Write DSFID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 20.12 Lock DSFID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 20.13 Get System Info . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 20.14 Get Multiple Block Security Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 20.15 Kill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 20.16 Write Kill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 20.17 Lock Kill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 20.18 Fast Read Single Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 20.19 Fast Inventory Initiated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 20.20 Fast Initiate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
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20.21 Fast Read Multiple Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 20.22 Inventory Initiated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 20.23 Initiate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
21 22 23 24
Maximum rating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 DC and AC parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Package mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Part numbering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Appendix A Anticollision algorithm (Informative) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
A.1 Algorithm for pulsed slots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Appendix B CRC (Informative) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
B.1 B.2 B.3 CRC error detection method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 CRC calculation example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Application family identifier (AFI) (informative) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
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List of tables
LRI2K
List of tables
Table 1. Table 2. Table 3. Table 4. Table 5. Table 6. Table 7. Table 8. Table 9. Table 10. Table 11. Table 12. Table 13. Table 14. Table 15. Table 16. Table 17. Table 18. Table 19. Table 20. Table 21. Table 22. Table 23. Table 24. Table 25. Table 26. Table 27. Table 28. Table 29. Table 30. Table 31. Table 32. Table 33. Table 34. Table 35. Table 36. Table 37. Table 38. Table 39. Table 40. Table 41. Table 42. Table 43. Table 44. Table 45. Table 46. Table 47. Table 48. Signal names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 LRI2K memory map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 10% modulation parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Response data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 UID format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 CRC transmission rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 VCD request frame format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 LRI2K response frame format. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 LRI2K response depending on request flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 General request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Definitions of request flags 1 to 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Request flags 5 to 8 when bit 3 = 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Request flags 5 to 8 when bit 3 = 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 General response format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Definitions of response flags 1 to 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Response error code definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Inventory request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Example of the addition of 0-bits to an 11-bit mask value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Timing values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Command codes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Inventory request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Inventory response format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Stay Quiet request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Read Single Block request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Read Single Block response format when Error_flag is NOT set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Block Locking status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Read Single Block response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Write Single Block request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Write Single Block response format when Error_flag is NOT set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Write Single Block response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Lock Single Block request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Lock Block response format when Error_flag is NOT set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Lock Block response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Read Multiple Block request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Read Multiple Block response format when Error_flag is NOT set. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Block Locking status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Read Multiple Block response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Select request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Select Block response format when Error_flag is NOT set. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Select response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Reset to Ready request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Reset to Ready response format when Error_flag is NOT set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Reset to ready response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Write AFI request format. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Write AFI response format when Error_flag is NOT set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Write AFI response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Lock AFI request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Lock AFI response format when Error_flag is NOT set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
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LRI2K Table 49. Table 50. Table 51. Table 52. Table 53. Table 54. Table 55. Table 56. Table 57. Table 58. Table 59. Table 60. Table 61. Table 62. Table 63. Table 64. Table 65. Table 66. Table 67. Table 68. Table 69. Table 70. Table 71. Table 72. Table 73. Table 74. Table 75. Table 76. Table 77. Table 78. Table 79. Table 80. Table 81. Table 82. Table 83. Table 84. Table 85. Table 86. Table 87. Table 88. Table 89. Table 90. Table 91. Table 92. Table 93. Table 94. Table 95. Table 96.
List of tables Lock AFI response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Write DSFID request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Write DSFID response format when Error_flag is NOT set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Write DSFID response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Lock DSFID request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Lock DSFID response format when Error_flag is NOT set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Lock DSFID response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Get System Info request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Get System Info response format when Error_flag is NOT set. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Get System Info response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Get Multiple Block Security Status request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Get Multiple Block Security Status response format when Error_flag is NOT set . . . . . . . 62 Block Locking status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Get Multiple Block Security Status response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Kill request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Kill response format when Error_flag is NOT set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Kill response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Write Kill request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Write Kill response format when Error_flag is NOT set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Write Kill response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Lock Kill request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Lock Kill response format when Error_flag is NOT set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Lock Kill response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Fast Read Single Block request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Fast Read Single Block response format when Error_flag is NOT set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Block Locking status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Fast Read Single Block response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Fast Inventory Initiated request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Fast Inventory Initiated response format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Fast Initiate request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Fast Initiate response format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Fast Read Multiple Block request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Fast Read Multiple Block response format when Error_flag is NOT set. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Block Locking status if Option_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Fast Read Multiple Block response format when Error_flag is set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Inventory Initiated request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Inventory Initiated response format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Initiate request format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Initiate Initiated response format. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 AC characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 DC characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Operating conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 UFDFPN8 - 8-lead ultra thin fine pitch dual flat package no lead (MLP) mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Ordering information scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 CRC definition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 AFI coding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
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List of figures
LRI2K
List of figures
Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 3. Figure 4. Figure 5. Figure 6. Figure 7. Figure 8. Figure 9. Figure 10. Figure 11. Figure 12. Figure 13. Figure 14. Figure 15. Figure 16. Figure 17. Figure 18. Figure 19. Figure 20. Figure 21. Figure 22. Figure 23. Figure 24. Figure 25. Figure 26. Figure 27. Figure 28. Figure 29. Figure 30. Figure 31. Figure 32. Figure 33. Figure 34. Figure 35. Figure 36. Figure 37. Figure 38. Figure 39. Figure 40. Figure 41. Figure 42. Figure 43. Figure 44. Figure 45. Figure 46. Figure 47. Figure 48. Pad connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 UFDFPN8 (MLP) connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 100% modulation waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 10% modulation waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 1 out of 256 coding mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Detail of one time period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 1 out of 4 coding mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 1 out of 4 coding example. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 SOF to select 1 out of 256 data coding mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 SOF to select 1 out of 4 data coding mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 EOF for either data coding mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Logic 0, high data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Logic 0, high data rate x2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Logic 1, high data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Logic 1, high data rate x2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Logic 0, low data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Logic 0, low data rate x2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Logic 1, low data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Logic 1, low data rate x2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Logic 0, high data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Logic 1, high data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Logic 0, low data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Logic 1, low data rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Start of frame, high data rate, one subcarrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Start of frame, high data rate, one subcarrier x2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Start of frame, low data rate, one subcarrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Start of frame, low data rate, one subcarrier x2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Start of frame, high data rate, two subcarriers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Start of frame, low data rate, two subcarriers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 End of frame, high data rate, one subcarrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 End of frame, high data rate, one subcarrier x2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 End of frame, low data rate, one subcarrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 End of frame, low data rate, one subcarrier x2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 End of frame, high data rate, two subcarriers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 End of frame, low data rate, two subcarriers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 LRI2K decision tree for AFI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 LRI2K protocol timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 LRI2K state transition diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Principle of comparison between the mask, the slot number and the UID . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Description of a possible anticollision sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Stay Quiet frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 READ Single Block frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Write Single Block frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Lock Block frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Read Multiple Block frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Select frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Reset to Ready frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Write AFI frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
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LRI2K Figure 49. Figure 50. Figure 51. Figure 52. Figure 53. Figure 54. Figure 55. Figure 56. Figure 57. Figure 58. Figure 59. Figure 60. Figure 61. Figure 62.
List of figures Lock AFI frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Write DSFID frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Lock DSFID frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Get System Info frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Get Multiple Block Security Status frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K . . . . . . . . . 63 Kill frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Write Kill frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Lock Kill frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Fast Read Single Block frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Fast Initiate frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Fast Read Multiple Block frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Initiate frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 LRI2K synchronous timing, transmit and receive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 UFDFPN8 - 8-lead ultra thin fine pitch dual flat package no lead (MLP) outline . . . . . . . . 79
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Description
LRI2K
1
Description
The LRI2K is a contactless memory powered by the received carrier electromagnetic wave. It is a 2048-bit electrically erasable programmable memory (EEPROM). The memory is organized as 64 blocks of 32 bits. The LRI2K is accessed via the 13.56 MHz carrier electromagnetic wave on which incoming data are demodulated from the received signal amplitude modulation (ASK: amplitude shift keying). The received ASK wave is 10% or 100% modulated with a data rate of 1.6 Kbit/s using the 1/256 pulse coding mode or a data rate of 26 Kbit/s using the 1/4 pulse coding mode. Outgoing data are generated by the LRI2K load variation using Manchester coding with one or two subcarrier frequencies at 423 kHz and 484 kHz. Data are transferred from the LRI2K at 6.6 Kbit/s in low data rate mode and 26 Kbit/s fast data rate mode. The LRI2K supports 53 Kbit/s in high data rate mode with one subcarrier frequency at 423 kHz. The LRI2K follows the ISO 15693 recommendation for radio-frequency power and signal interface. Figure 1. Pad connections
LRI2K Power Supply Regulator 2048 bit EEPROM memory ASK Demodulator Manchester Load Modulator AC1
AC0
AI12065
Table 1.
Signal names
Signal name Function Antenna coil Antenna coil
AC1 AC0
Figure 2.
UFDFPN8 (MLP) connections
AC0 NC NC NC 1 2 3 4 8 7 6 5 AC1 NC NC NC
AI11612b
1. NC means not connected internally.
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LRI2K
Description
1.1
Memory mapping
The LRI2K is divided into 64 blocks of 32 bits. Each block can be individually write-protected using the Lock command. Table 2.
Add 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0
LRI2K memory map
78 15 16 User area User area User area User area User area User area User area User area User area User area User area User area 23 24 31
60 61 62 63
User area User area User area User area
UID 0 UID 4 AFI
UID 1 UID 5 DSFID Kill code
UID 2 UID 6
UID 3 UID 7
The User area consists of blocks that are always accessible in read mode. Write operations are possible if the addressed block is not protected. During a write operation, the 32 bits of the block are replaced by the new 32-bit value. The LRI2K also has a 64-bit block that is used to store the 64-bit unique identifier (UID). The UID is compliant to the ISO 15963 description, and its value is used during the anticollision sequence (Inventory). This block is not accessible by the user and its value is written by ST on the production line. The LRI2K also includes an AFI register in which the application family identifier is stored, and a DSFID register in which the data storage family identifier used in the anticollision algorithm is stored. The LRI2K has an additional 32-bit block in which the kill code is stored.
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Description
LRI2K
1.2
Commands
The LRI2K supports the following commands:
Inventory, used to perform the anticollision sequence. Stay Quiet, used to put the LRI2K in quiet mode, where it does not respond to any inventory command. Select, used to select the LRI2K. After this command, the LRI2K processes all Read/Write commands with Select_flag set. Reset To Ready, used to put the LRI2K in the ready state. Read Block, used to output the 32 bits of the selected block and its locking status. Write Block, used to write the 32-bit value in the selected block, provided that it is not locked. Lock Block, used to lock the selected block. After this command, the block cannot be modified. Read Multiple Blocks, used to read the selected blocks and send back their value. Write AFI, used to write the 8-bit value in the AFI register. Lock AFI, used to lock the AFI register. Write DSFID, used to write the 8-bit value in the DSFID register. Lock DSFID, used to lock the DSFID register. Get System Info, used to provide the system information value Get Multiple Block Security Status, used to send the security status of the selected block. Initiate, used to trigger the tag response to the Inventory Initiated sequence. Inventory Initiated, used to perform the anticollision sequence triggered by the Initiate command. Kill, used to definitively deactivate the tag. Write Kill, used to write the 32-bit Kill code value Lock Kill, used to lock the Kill Code register. Fast Initiate, used to trigger the tag response to the Inventory Initiated sequence. Fast Inventory Initiated, used to perform the anticollision sequence triggered by the Initiate command. Fast Read Block, used to output the 32 bits of the selected block and its locking status. Fast Read Multiple Blocks, used to read the selected blocks and send back their value.
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LRI2K
Description
1.3
Initial dialogue for vicinity cards
The dialog between the vicinity coupling device (VCD) and the vicinity integrated circuit card or VICC (LRI2K) takes place as follows:
activation of the LRI2K by the RF operating field of the VCD transmission of a command by the VCD transmission of a response by the LRI2K
These operations use the RF power transfer and communication signal interface described below (see Power transfer, Frequency and Operating field). This technique is called RTF (reader talk first).
1.3.1
Power transfer
Power is transferred to the LRI2K by radio frequency at 13.56 MHz via coupling antennas in the LRI2K and the VCD. The RF operating field of the VCD is transformed on the LRI2K antenna as an AC voltage which is rectified, filtered and internally regulated. The amplitude modulation (ASK) on this received signal is demodulated by the ASK demodulator.
1.3.2
Frequency
The ISO 15693 standard defines the carrier frequency (fc) of the operating field as 13.56 MHz 7 kHz.
1.3.3
Operating field
The LRI2K operates continuously between Hmin and Hmax.
The minimum operating field is Hmin and has a value of 150 mA/m rms. The maximum operating field is Hmax and has a value of 5 A/m rms.
A VCD must generate a field of at least Hmin and not exceeding Hmax in the operating volume.
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Communication signal from VCD to LRI2K
LRI2K
2
Communication signal from VCD to LRI2K
Communications between the VCD and the LRI2K take place using the modulation principle of ASK (amplitude shift keying). Two modulation indexes are used, 10% and 100%. The LRI2K decodes both. The VCD determines which index is used. The modulation index is defined as [a b]/[a + b] where a is the peak signal amplitude and b the minimum signal amplitude of the carrier frequency. Depending on the choice made by the VCD, a "pause" will be created as described in Figure 3 and Figure 4. The LRI2K is operational for any degree of modulation index between 10% and 30%. Figure 3. 100% modulation waveform
a 105% 100% 95% 60%
5% tRFF tRFR tRFSBL t
AI06683
Table 3.
10% modulation parameters
Parameter definition 0.1 x (a b) 0.1 x (a b) Value max max
Symbol hr hf
Figure 4.
10% modulation waveform
hf hr tRFF tRFSFL tRFR
a
b
t
AI06655
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LRI2K
Data rate and data coding
3
Data rate and data coding
The data coding implemented in the LRI2K uses pulse position modulation. Both data coding modes that are described in the ISO 15693 are supported by the LRI2K. The selection is made by the VCD and indicated to the LRI2K within the start of frame (SOF).
3.1
Data coding mode: 1 out of 256
The value of one single byte is represented by the position of one pause. The position of the pause on 1 of 256 successive time periods of 18.88 s (256/fC), determines the value of the byte. In this case the transmission of one byte takes 4.833 ms and the resulting data rate is 1.65 Kbits/s (fC/8192). Figure 5 illustrates this pulse position modulation technique. In this Figure, data E1h (225 decimal) is sent by the VCD to the LRI2K. The pause occurs during the second half of the position of the time period that determines the value, as shown in Figure 6. A pause during the first period transmits the data value 00h. A pause during the last period transmits the data value FFh (255 decimal).
Figure 5.
1 out of 256 coding mode
9.44 s Pulse Modulated Carrier 18.88 s
01
2
3
.. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .
2 2 5
. . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .. 4.833 ms
2 5 2
2 5 3
2 5 4
2 5 5
AI06656
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Data rate and data coding Figure 6. Detail of one time period
9.44 s
LRI2K
18.88 s
Pulse Modulated Carrier
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 2 2 4 2 2 5 2 2 6
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Time Period one of 256
AI06657
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LRI2K
Data rate and data coding
3.2
Data coding mode: 1 out of 4
The value of 2 bits is represented by the position of one pause. The position of the pause on 1 of 4 successive time periods of 18.88 s (256/fC) determines the value of the 2 bits. Four successive pairs of bits form a byte, where the least significant pair of bits is transmitted first. In this case the transmission of one byte takes 302.08 s and the resulting data rate is 26.48 Kbit/s (fC/512). Figure 7 illustrates the 1 out of 4 pulse position technique and coding. Figure 8 shows the transmission of E1h (225d - 1110 0001b) by the VCD. Figure 7. 1 out of 4 coding mode
Pulse position for "00"
9.44 s
9.44 s 75.52 s
Pulse position for "01" (1=LSB)
28.32 s
9.44 s 75.52 s
Pulse position for "10" (0=LSB)
47.20 s
9.44 s
Pulse position for "11"
75.52 s
66.08 s 75.52 s
9.44 s
AI06658
Figure 8.
1 out of 4 coding example
10 00 01 11
75.52 s
75.52 s
75.52 s
75.52 s
AI06659
17/86
Data rate and data coding
LRI2K
3.3
VCD to LRI2K frames
Frames are delimited by a start of frame (SOF) and an end of frame (EOF). They are implemented using code violation. Unused options are reserved for future use. The LRI2K is ready to receive a new command frame from the VCD 311.5 s (t2) after sending a response frame to the VCD. The LRI2K takes a Power-On time of 0.1 ms after being activated by the powering field. After this delay, the LRI2K is ready to receive a command frame from the VCD.
3.4
Start of frame (SOF)
The SOF defines the data coding mode the VCD is to use for the following command frame. The SOF sequence described in Figure 9 selects the 1 out of 256 data coding mode. The SOF sequence described in Figure 10 selects the 1 out of 4 data coding mode. The EOF sequence for either coding mode is described in Figure 11. Figure 9. SOF to select 1 out of 256 data coding mode
9.44 s
9.44 s
37.76 s
37.76 s
AI06661
Figure 10. SOF to select 1 out of 4 data coding mode
9.44 s
9.44 s
9.44 s
37.76 s
37.76 s
AI06660
Figure 11. EOF for either data coding mode
9.44 s
9.44 s
37.76 s
AI06662
18/86
LRI2K
Communications signal from LRI2K to VCD
4
Communications signal from LRI2K to VCD
The LRI2K has several modes defined for some parameters, owing to which it can operate in different noise environments and meet different application requirements.
4.1
Load modulation
The LRI2K is capable of communication with the VCD via an inductive coupling area whereby the carrier is loaded to generate a subcarrier with frequency fS. The subcarrier is generated by switching a load in the LRI2K. The load-modulated amplitude received on the VCD antenna shall be at least 10 mV when measured as described in the test methods defined in International Standard ISO 10373-7.
4.2
Subcarrier
The LRI2K supports the one-subcarrier and two-subcarrier response formats. These formats are selected by the VCD using the first bit in the protocol header. When one subcarrier is used, the frequency fS1 of the subcarrier load modulation is 423.75 kHz (fC/32). When two subcarriers are used, frequency fS1 is 423.75 kHz (fC/32), and frequency fS2 is 484.28 kHz (fC/28). When using the two-subcarrier mode, the LRI2K generates a continuous phase relationship between fS1 and fS2.
4.3
Data rates
The LRI2K can respond using the low or the high data rate format. The selection of the data rate is made by the VCD using the second bit in the protocol header. It also supports the x2 mode available on all the Fast commands. Table 4 shows the different data rates produced by the LRI2K using the different response format combinations. Table 4. Response data rate
Data rate Standard commands Low Fast commands Standard commands High Fast commands One subcarrier 6.62 Kbits/s (fc/2048) 13.24 Kbits/s (fc/1024) 26.48 Kbits/s (fc/512) 52.97 Kbits/s (fc/256) Two subcarriers 6.67 Kbits/s (fc/2032) not applicable 26.69 Kbits/s (fc/508) not applicable
19/86
Bit representation and coding
LRI2K
5
Bit representation and coding
Data bits are encoded using Manchester coding, according to the following schemes. For the low data rate, the same subcarrier frequency or frequencies is/are used, in this case the number of pulses is multiplied by 4 and all times are increased by this factor. For the Fast commands using one subcarrier, all pulse numbers and times are divided by 2.
5.1
5.1.1
Bit coding using one subcarrier
High data rate
A logic 0 starts with 8 pulses at 423.75 kHz (fC/32) followed by an unmodulated time of 18.88 s as shown in Figure 12. Figure 12. Logic 0, high data rate
37.76s
ai12076
For the Fast commands, a logic 0 starts with 4 pulses at 423.75 kHz (fC/32) followed by an unmodulated time of 9.44 s as shown in Figure 13. Figure 13. Logic 0, high data rate x2
18.88s
ai12066
A logic 1 starts with an unmodulated time of 18.88 s followed by 8 pulses at 423.75 kHz (fC/32) as shown in Figure 14. Figure 14. Logic 1, high data rate
37.76s
ai12077
For the Fast commands, a logic 1 starts with an unmodulated time of 9.44 s followed by 4 pulses at 423.75 kHz (fC/32) as shown in Figure 15. Figure 15. Logic 1, high data rate x2
18.88s
ai12067
20/86
LRI2K
Bit representation and coding
5.1.2
Low data rate
A logic 0 starts with 32 pulses at 423.75 kHz (fC/32) followed by an unmodulated time of 75.52 s as shown in Figure 16. Figure 16. Logic 0, low data rate
151.04s
ai12068
For the fast commands, a logic 0 starts with 16 pulses of 423,75 kHz (fC/32) followed by an unmodulated time of 37,76 s as shown in Figure 17. Figure 17. Logic 0, low data rate x2
75.52s
ai12069
A logic 1 starts with an unmodulated time of 75,52 s followed by 32 pulses of 423,75 kHz (fC/32) as shown in Figure 18. Figure 18. Logic 1, low data rate
151.04s
ai12070
For the Fast commands, a logic 1 starts with an unmodulated time of 37.76 s followed by 16 pulses at 423.75 kHz (fC/32) as shown in Figure 19. Figure 19. Logic 1, low data rate x2
75.52s
ai12071
21/86
Bit representation and coding
LRI2K
5.2
5.2.1
Bit coding using two subcarriers
High data rate
A logic 0 starts with 8 pulses at 423.75 kHz (fC/32) followed by 9 pulses at 484.28 kHz (fC/28) as shown in Figure 20. For the Fast commands, the x2 mode is not available. Figure 20. Logic 0, high data rate
37.46s
ai12074
A logic 1 starts with 9 pulses at 484.28 kHz (fC/28) followed by 8 pulses at 423.75 kHz (fC/32) as shown in Figure 21. For the Fast commands, the x2 mode is not available. Figure 21. Logic 1, high data rate
37.46s
ai12073
5.2.2
Low data rate
A logic 0 starts with 32 pulses at 423.75 kHz (fC/32) followed by 36 pulses at 484.28 kHz (fC/28) as shown in Figure 22. For the Fast commands, the x2 mode is not available. Figure 22. Logic 0, low data rate
149.84s
ai12072
A logic 1 starts with 36 pulses at 484.28kHz (fC/28) followed by 32 pulses at 423.75kHz (fC/32) as shown in Figure 23. For the fast commands, the x2 mode is not available. Figure 23. Logic 1, low data rate
149.84s
ai12075
22/86
LRI2K
LRI2K to VCD frames
6
LRI2K to VCD frames
Frames are delimited by an SOF and an EOF. They are implemented using code violation. Unused options are reserved for future use. For the low data rate, the same subcarrier frequency or frequencies is/are used. In this case the number of pulses is multiplied by 4. For the Fast commands using one subcarrier, all pulse numbers and times are divided by 2.
6.1
6.1.1
SOF when using one subcarrier
High data rate
The SOF includes an unmodulated time of 56.64 s followed by 24 pulses at 423.75 kHz (fC/32), and a logic 1 that consists of an unmodulated time of 18.88 s followed by 8 pulses at 423.75 kHz. The SOF is shown in Figure 24. Figure 24. Start of frame, high data rate, one subcarrier
113.28s
37.76s
ai12078
For the Fast commands, the SOF comprises an unmodulated time of 28.32 s, followed by 12 pulses at 423.75 kHz (fC/32), and a logic 1 that consists of an unmodulated time of 9.44 s followed by 4 pulses at 423.75 kHz as shown in Figure 25. Figure 25. Start of frame, high data rate, one subcarrier x2
56.64s
18.88s
ai12079
23/86
LRI2K to VCD frames
LRI2K
6.1.2
Low data rate
SOF comprises an unmodulated time of 226.56 s, followed by 96 pulses at 423.75 kHz (fC/32), and a logic 1 that consists of an unmodulated time of 75.52 s followed by 32 pulses at 423.75 kHz as shown in Figure 26. Figure 26. Start of frame, low data rate, one subcarrier
453.12s
151.04s
ai12080
For the Fast commands, the SOF comprises an unmodulated time of 113.28 s followed by 48 pulses at 423.75 kHz (fC/32), and a logic 1 that includes an unmodulated time of 37.76 s followed by 16 pulses at 423.75 kHz as shown in Figure 27. Figure 27. Start of frame, low data rate, one subcarrier x2
226.56s
75.52s
ai12081
6.2
6.2.1
SOF when using two subcarriers
High data rate
The SOF comprises 27 pulses at 484.28 kHz (fC/28), followed by 24 pulses at 423.75 kHz (fC/32), and a logic 1 that includes 9 pulses at 484.28 kHz followed by 8 pulses at 423.75 kHz as shown in Figure 28. For the Fast commands, the x2 mode is not available. Figure 28. Start of frame, high data rate, two subcarriers
112.39s
37.46s
ai12082
6.2.2
Low data rate
The SOF comprises 108 pulses at 484.28 kHz (fC/28) followed by 96 pulses at 423.75 kHz (fC/32), and a logic 1 that includes 36 pulses at 484.28 kHz followed by 32 pulses at 423.75 kHz as shown in Figure 29. For the Fast commands, the x2 mode is not available. Figure 29. Start of frame, low data rate, two subcarriers
449.56s
149.84s
ai12083
24/86
LRI2K
LRI2K to VCD frames
6.3
6.3.1
EOF when using one subcarrier
High data rate
The EOF comprises a logic 0 that includes 8 pulses at 423.75 kHz and an unmodulated time of 18.88 s, followed by 24 pulses at 423.75 kHz (fC/32) and by an unmodulated time of 56.64 s as shown in Figure 30. Figure 30. End of frame, high data rate, one subcarrier
37.76s
113.28s
ai12084
For the Fast commands, the EOF comprises a logic 0 that includes 4 pulses at 423.75 kHz and an unmodulated time of 9.44 s, followed by 12 pulses at 423.75 kHz (fC/32) and an unmodulated time of 28.32 s as shown in Figure 31. Figure 31. End of frame, high data rate, one subcarrier x2
18.88s
56.64s
ai12085
6.3.2
Low data rate
The EOF comprises a logic 0 that includes 32 pulses at 423.75 kHz and an unmodulated time of 75.52 s, followed by 96 pulses at 423.75 kHz (fC/32) and an unmodulated time of 226.56 s as shown in Figure 32. Figure 32. End of frame, low data rate, one subcarrier
151.04s
453.12s
ai12086
For the Fast commands, the EOF comprises a logic 0 that includes 16 pulses at 423.75 kHz and an unmodulated time of 37.76 s, followed by 48 pulses at 423.75 kHz (fC/32) and an unmodulated time of 113.28 s as shown in Figure 33. Figure 33. End of frame, low data rate, one subcarrier x2
75.52s
226.56s
ai12087
25/86
LRI2K to VCD frames
LRI2K
6.4
6.4.1
EOF when using two subcarriers
High data rate
The EOF comprises a logic 0 that includes 8 pulses at 423.75 kHz and 9 pulses at 484.28 kHz, followed by 24 pulses at 423.75 kHz (fC/32) and 27 pulses at 484.28 kHz (fC/28) as shown in Figure 34. For the Fast commands, the x2 mode is not available. Figure 34. End of frame, high data rate, two subcarriers
37.46s
112.39s
ai12088
6.4.2
Low data rate
The EOF comprises a logic 0 that includes 32 pulses at 423.75 kHz and 36 pulses at 484.28 kHz, followed by 96 pulses at 423.75 kHz (fC/32) and 108 pulses at 484.28 kHz (fC/28) as shown in Figure 35 For the fast commands, the x2 mode is not available. Figure 35. End of frame, low data rate, two subcarriers
149.84s
449.56s
ai12089
26/86
LRI2K
Unique identifier (UID)
7
Unique identifier (UID)
The LRI2Ks are uniquely identified by a 64-bit Unique Identifier (UID). This UID complies with ISO/IEC 15963 and ISO/IEC 7816-6. The UID is a read-only code, and comprises:
the 8 MSBs are E0h the IC manufacturer code of ST 02h, on 8 bits (ISO/IEC 7816-6/AM1) a unique serial number on 48 bits. UID format
LSB 56 E0h 55 02h 48 47 Unique serial number 0
Table 5.
MSB 63
With the UID each LRI2K can be addressed uniquely and individually during the anticollision loop and for one-to-one exchanges between a VCD and an LRI2K.
27/86
Application family identifier (AFI)
LRI2K
8
Application family identifier (AFI)
The AFI (application family identifier) represents the type of application targeted by the VCD and is used to identify, among all the LRI2Ks present, only the LRI2Ks that meet the required application criteria. Figure 36. LRI2K decision tree for AFI
Inventory Request Received
No
AFI Flag Set ? Yes AFI value =0? Yes AFI value = Internal value ? Yes No No
Answer given by the LRI2K to the Inventory Request
No Answer
AI12091
The AFI is programmed by the LRI2K issuer (or purchaser) in the AFI register. Once programmed and Locked, it can no longer be modified. The most significant nibble of the AFI is used to code one specific or all application families. The least significant nibble of the AFI is used to code one specific or all application subfamilies. subfamily codes different from 0 are proprietary. (See ISO 15693-3 documentation)
28/86
LRI2K
Data storage format identifier (DSFID)
9
Data storage format identifier (DSFID)
The data storage format identifier indicates how the data is structured in the LRI2K memory. The logical organization of data can be known instantly using the DSFID. It can be programmed and locked using the Write DSFID and Lock DSFID commands, respectively. It is coded on one byte.
9.1
CRC
The CRC used in the LRI2K is calculated as per the definition in ISO/IEC 13239. The initial register contents are all ones: "FFFF". The two-byte CRC is appended to each request and response, within each frame, before the EOF. The CRC is calculated on all the bytes between the SOF and the CRC field. Upon reception of a request from the VCD, the LRI2K verifies that the CRC value is valid. If it is invalid, the LRI2K discards the frame and does not answer to the VCD. Upon reception of a response from the LRI2K, it is recommended that the VCD verifies whether the CRC value is valid. If it is invalid, actions to be performed are left to the discretion of the VCD designers. The CRC is transmitted least significant byte first. Each byte is transmitted least significant bit first. Table 6. CRC transmission rules
LSByte LSBit CRC 16 (8bits) MSBit LSBit CRC 16 (8 bits) MSByte MSBit
29/86
LRI2K protocol description
LRI2K
10
LRI2K protocol description
The transmission protocol (or simply protocol) defines the mechanism used to exchange instructions and data between the VCD and the LRI2K, in both directions. It is based on the concept of "VCD talks first". This means that an LRI2K will not start transmitting unless it has received and properly decoded an instruction sent by the VCD. The protocol is based on an exchange of:
a request from the VCD to the LRI2K a response from the LRI2K to the VCD
Each request and each response are contained in a frame. The frame delimiters (SOF, EOF) are described in Section 6: LRI2K to VCD frames. Each request consists of:
a request SOF (see Figure 9 and Figure 10) flags a command code parameters, depending on the command application data a 2-byte CRC a request EOF (see Figure 11) an answer SOF (see Figure 24 to Figure 29) flags parameters, depending on the command application data a 2-byte CRC an Answer EOF (see Figure 30 to Figure 35)
Each response consists of:
The protocol is bit-oriented. The number of bits transmitted in a frame is a multiple of eight (8), i.e. an integer number of bytes. A single-byte field is transmitted least significant bit (LSBit) first. A multiple-byte field is transmitted least significant byte (LSByte) first, with each byte transmitted least significant bit (LSBit) first. The setting of the flags indicates the presence of the optional fields. When the flag is set (to one), the field is present. When the flag is reset (to zero), the field is absent. Table 7. VCD request frame format
Command code Parameters Data 2 byte CRC Request EOF
Request SOF Request Flags
Table 8.
Response SOF
LRI2K response frame format
Response Flags Parameters Data 2 byte CRC Response EOF
30/86
LRI2K Figure 37. LRI2K protocol timing
LRI2K protocol description
VCD
Request frame (Table 7) Response frame (Table 8)
Request frame (Table 7) Response frame (Table 8)
LRI2K
Timing
t1
t2
t1
t2
31/86
LRI2K states
LRI2K
11
LRI2K states
An LRI2K can be in one of 4 states:
Power-off Ready Quiet Selected
Transitions between these states are specified in Figure 38: LRI2K state transition diagram and Table 9: LRI2K response depending on request flags.
11.1
Power-off state
The LRI2K is in the Power-off state when it does not receive enough energy from the VCD.
11.2
Ready state
The LRI2K is in the Ready state when it receives enough energy from the VCD. When in the Ready state, the LRI2K answers any request where the Select_flag is not set.
11.3
Quiet state
When in the Quiet state, the LRI2K answers any request except for Inventory requests with the Address_flag set.
11.4
Selected state
In the Selected state, the LRI2K answers any request in all modes (see Section 12: Modes):
request in Select mode with the Select flag set request in Addressed mode if the UID matches request in Non-Addressed mode as it is the mode for general requests
32/86
LRI2K Table 9. LRI2K response depending on request flags
Address_flag Flags 1 Addressed LRI2K in Ready or Selected state (Devices in Quiet state don't answer) LRI2K in Selected state LRI2K in Ready, Quiet or Selected state (the device which match the UID) Error (03h) X X X 0 Non addressed X X X 1 Selected
LRI2K states
Select_flag 0 Non selected X
X
Figure 38. LRI2K state transition diagram
Power Off In field Out of field Any other Command where Select_Flag is not set
Out of field
Ready
Out of field
ID ad Re se tt o re
)
e er r ) ID wh o y et D) (U ad s UI ct le re is t o ag en Se t t Fl er se ct_ diff Re ele ect( S el S
Select (UID) Quiet Stay quiet(UID) Selected
Any other command where the Address_Flag is set AND where Inventory_Flag is not set
St
ay
y
qu
iet
(U
Any other command
AI06681
1. The intention of the state transition method is that only one LRI2K should be in the selected state at a time.
33/86
Modes
LRI2K
12
Modes
The term "mode" refers to the mechanism used in a request to specify the set of LRI2Ks that will answer the request.
12.1
Addressed mode
When the Address_flag is set to 1 (Addressed mode), the request contains the Unique ID (UID) of the addressed LRI2K. Any LRI2K that receives a request with the Address_flag set to 1 compares the received Unique ID to its own. If it matches, then the LRI2K executes the request (if possible) and returns a response to the VCD as specified in the command description. If its UID does not match, then it remains silent.
12.2
Non-Addressed mode (general request)
When the Address_flag is set to 0 (Non-Addressed mode), the request does not contain a Unique ID. Any LRI2K receiving a request with the Address_flag set to 0 executes it and returns a response to the VCD as specified in the command description.
12.3
Select mode
When the Select_flag is set to 1 (Select mode), the request does not contain an LRI2K Unique ID. The LRI2K in the Selected state that receives a request with the Select_flag set to 1 executes it and returns a response to the VCD as specified in the command description. Only LRI2Ks in the Selected state answer to a request where the Select Flag is set to 1. The system design ensures in theory that only one LRI2K can be in the Select state at a time.
34/86
LRI2K
Request format
13
Request format
The request consists of:
an SOF flags a command code parameters and data a CRC an EOF General request format
Command code Parameters Data CRC E O F
Table 10.
S O F
Request flags
13.1
Request flags
In a request, the "flags" field specifies the actions to be performed by the LRI2K and whether corresponding fields are present or not. The flags field consists of eight bits. The bit 3 (Inventory_flag) of the request flag defines the contents of the 4 MSBs (bits 5 to 8). When bit 3 is reset (0), bits 5 to 8 define the LRI2K selection criteria. When bit 3 is set (1), bits 5 to 8 define the LRI2K Inventory parameters. Table 11.
Bit No Bit 1
Definitions of request flags 1 to 4
Flag Level 0 1 Description A single subcarrier frequency is used by the LRI2K Two subcarriers are used by the LRI2K Low data rate is used High data rate is used The meaning of Flags 5 to 8 is described in Table 12 The meaning of Flags 5 to 8 is described in Table 13 No Protocol format extension
Subcarrier_flag(1)
Bit 2
Data_rate_flag(2)
0 1 0
Bit 3 Bit 4
Inventory flag 1 Protocol Extension flag 0
1. Subcarrier_flag refers to the LRI2K-to-VCD communication. 2. Data_rate_flag refers to the LRI2K-to-VCD communication
35/86
Request format Table 12.
Bit No
LRI2K Request flags 5 to 8 when bit 3 = 0
Flag Select_flag(1) Level 0 1 0 Description Request is executed by any LRI2K according to the setting of Address_flag Request is executed only by the LRI2K in Selected state Request is not addressed. UID field is not present. The request is executed by all LRI2Ks. Request is addressed. UID field is present. The request is executed only by the LRI2K whose UID matches the UID specified in the request.
Bit 5
Bit 6
Address_flag(1) 1
Bit 7 Bit 8
Option flag RFU
0 0
1. If the Select_flag is set to 1, the Address_flag is set to 0 and the UID field is not present in the request.
Table 13.
Bit No Bit 5
Request flags 5 to 8 when bit 3 = 1
Flag Level 0 Description AFI field is not present AFI field is present 16 slots 1 slot
AFI flag 1 0
Bit 6 Bit 7 Bit 8
Nb_slots flag 1 Option flag RFU 0 0
36/86
LRI2K
Response format
14
Response format
The response consists of:
an SOF flags parameters and data a CRC an EOF General response format
Parameters Data CRC E O F
Table 14.
S O F
Response flags
14.1
Response flags
In a response, the flags indicate how actions have been performed by the LRI2K and whether corresponding fields are present or not. The response flags consist of eight bits. Table 15.
Bit No. Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 4 Bit 5 Bit 6 Bit 7 Bit 8
Definitions of response flags 1 to 8
Flag Error_flag RFU RFU Extension flag RFU RFU RFU RFU Level 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 No extension No error Error detected. Error code is in the "Error" field. Description
37/86
Response format
LRI2K
14.2
Response error code
If the Error_flag is set by the LRI2K in the response, the Error code field is present and provides information about the error that occurred. Error codes not specified in Table 16 are reserved for future use. Table 16. Response error code definition
Meaning The command option is not supported Error with no information given or a specific error code is not supported. The specified block is not available (does not exist). The specified block is already locked and thus cannot be locked again The specified block is locked and its contents cannot be changed. The specified block was not successfully programmed. The specified block was not successfully locked.
Error code 03h 0F 10h 11h 12h 13h 14h
38/86
LRI2K
Anticollision
15
Anticollision
The purpose of the anticollision sequence is to inventory the LRI2Ks present in the VCD field using their unique ID (UID). The VCD is the master of communications with one or several LRI2Ks. It initiates LRI2K communication by issuing the Inventory request. The LRI2K sends its response in the determined slot or does not respond.
15.1
Request parameters
When issuing the Inventory command, the VCD:
sets the Nb_slots_flag as desired, adds the mask length and the mask value after the command field,
The mask length is the number of significant bits of the mask value. The mask value is contained in an integer number of bytes. The mask length indicates the number of significant bits. The LSB is transmitted first. If the mask length is not a multiple of 8 (bits), as many 0-bits as required will be added to the mask value MSB so that the mask value is contained in an integer number of bytes. The next field starts on the next byte boundary. Table 17.
MSB SOF Request_ flags 8 bits Command 8 bits Optional AFI 8 bits Mask length 8 bits Mask value 0 to 8 bytes CRC 16 bits
Inventory request format
LSB EOF
In the example of Table 18 and Figure 39, the mask length is 11 bits. Five 0-bits are added to the mask value MSB. The 11-bit Mask and the current slot number are compared to the UID. Table 18.
(b15) MSB 0000 0 0-bits added 100 1100 1111 11-bit mask value
Example of the addition of 0-bits to an 11-bit mask value
LSB (b0)
39/86
Anticollision
LRI2K
Figure 39. Principle of comparison between the mask, the slot number and the UID
MSB LSB 0000 0100 1100 1111 b 16 bits MSB LS B 100 1100 1111 b 11 bits
Mask value received in the Inventory command
The Mask value less the padding 0s is loaded into the Tag comparator The Slot counter is calculated Nb_slots_flags = 0 (16 slots), Slot Counter is 4 bits
MSB LS B xxxx
4 bits
The Slot counter is concatened to the Mask value Nb_slots_flags = 0
MSB LSB xxxx 100 1100 1111 b 15 bits
The concatenated result is compared with the least significant bits of the Tag UID.
UID b6 3 b0 xxxx xxxx . . . xxxx xxxx x xxx xxxx xxxx xxxx b Bits ignored Compare
64 bits
AI06682
The AFI field is present if the AFI_flag is set. The pulse is generated according to the definition of the EOF in ISO/IEC 15693-2. The first slot starts immediately after the reception of the request EOF. To switch to the next slot, the VCD sends an EOF. The following rules and restrictions apply:
if no LRI2K answer is detected, the VCD may switch to the next slot by sending an EOF, if one or more LRI2K answers are detected, the VCD waits until the complete frame has been received before sending an EOF for switching to the next slot.
40/86
LRI2K
Request processing by the LRI2K
16
Request processing by the LRI2K
Upon reception of a valid request, the LRI2K performs the following algorithm:
NbS is the total number of slots (1 or 16) SN is the current slot number (0 to 15) LSB (value, n) function returns the n Less Significant Bits of value MSB (value, n) function returns the n Most Significant Bits of value "&" is the concatenation operator Slot_Frame is either an SOF or an EOF
SN = 0 if (Nb_slots_flag) then NbS = 1 SN_length = 0 endif else NbS = 16 SN_length = 4 endif label1: if LSB(UID, SN_length + Mask_length) = LSB(SN,SN_length)&LSB(Mask,Mask_length) then answer to inventory request endif wait (Slot_Frame) if Slot_Frame = SOF then Stop Anticollision decode/process request exit endif if Slot_Frame = EOF if SN < NbS-1 then SN = SN + 1 goto label1 exit endif endif
41/86
Explanation of the possible cases
LRI2K
17
Explanation of the possible cases
Figure 40 summarizes the main possible cases that can occur during an anticollision sequence when the slot number is 16. The different steps are:
The VCD sends an Inventory request, in a frame terminated by an EOF. The number of slots is 16. LRI2K 1 transmits its response in Slot 0. It is the only one to do so, therefore no collision occurs and its UID is received and registered by the VCD; The VCD sends an EOF in order to switch to the next slot. In slot 1, two LRI2Ks, LRI2K 2 and LRI2K 3 transmit a response, thus generating a collision. The VCD records the event and remembers that a collision was detected in Slot 1. The VCD sends an EOF in order to switch to the next slot. In Slot 2, no LRI2K transmits a response. Therefore the VCD does not detect any LRI2K SOF and decides to switch to the next slot by sending an EOF. In slot 3, there is another collision caused by responses from LRI2K 4 and LRI2K 5 The VCD then decides to send a request (for instance a Read Block) to LRI2K 1 whose UID has already been correctly received. All LRI2Ks detect an SOF and exit the anticollision sequence. They process this request and since the request is addressed to LRI2K 1, only LRI2K 1 transmits a response. All LRI2Ks are ready to receive another request. If it is an Inventory command, the slot numbering sequence restarts from 0.
Note:
The decision to interrupt the anticollision sequence is made by the VCD. It could have continued to send EOFs until Slot 16 and only then sent the request to LRI2K 1.
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LRI2K
Slot 0
Slot 1
Slot 2
Slot 3
VCD
SOF
Inventory EOF Request EOF EOF EOF Response 2
SOF
Request to EO F LRI2K 1
Response 4
LRI2Ks
Response from LRI2K 1 Response 1 Response 3 Response 5
Timing
t1
t2
t1
t2
t3
t1
t2
t1
Figure 40. Description of a possible anticollision sequence
Comment
No collision
Collision
No Response
Collision
Time
AI12090
Explanation of the possible cases
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Inventory Initiated command
L RI2 K
18
Inventory Initiated command
The LRI2K provides a special feature to improve the inventory time response of moving tags using the Initiate_flag value. This flag, controlled by the Initiate command, allows tags to answer to Inventory Initiated commands. For applications in which multiple tags are moving in front of a reader, it is possible to miss tags using the standard inventory command. The reason is that the inventory sequence has to be performed on a global tree search. For example, a tag with a particular UID value may have to wait the run of a long tree search before being inventoried. If the delay is too long, the tag may be out of the field before it has been detected. Using the Initiate command, the inventory sequence is optimized. When multiple tags are moving in front of a reader, the ones which are within the reader field will be initiated by the Initiate command. In this case, a small batch of tags will answer to the Inventory Initiated command which will optimize the time necessary to identify all the tags. When finished, the reader has to issue a new Initiate command in order to initiate a new small batch of tags which are new inside the reader field. It is also possible to reduce the inventory sequence time using the Fast Initiate and Fast Inventory Initiated commands. These commands allow the LRI2Ks to increase their response data rate by a factor of 2, up to 53kbit/s.
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LRI2K
Timing definition
19
19.1
Timing definition
t1: LRI2K response delay
Upon detection of the rising edge of the EOF received from the VCD, the LRI2K waits for a time t1nom before transmitting its response to a VCD request or before switching to the next slot during an inventory process. Values of t1 are given in Table 19. The EOF is defined in Figure 11 on page 18.
19.2
t2: VCD new request delay
t2 is the time after which the VCD may send an EOF to switch to the next slot when one or more LRI2K responses have been received during an Inventory command. It starts from the reception of the EOF from the LRI2Ks. The EOF sent by the VCD may be either 10% or 100% modulated regardless of the modulation index used for transmitting the VCD request to the LRI2K. t2 is also the time after which the VCD may send a new request to the LRI2K as described in Table 37: LRI2K protocol timing. Values of t2 are given in Table 19.
19.3
t3: VCD new request delay in the absence of a response from the LRI2K
t3 is the time after which the VCD may send an EOF to switch to the next slot when no LRI2K response has been received. The EOF sent by the VCD may be either 10% or 100% modulated regardless of the modulation index used for transmitting the VCD request to the LRI2K. From the time the VCD has generated the rising edge of an EOF:
If this EOF is 100% modulated, the VCD waits a time at least equal to t3min before sending a new EOF. If this EOF is 10% modulated, the VCD waits a time at least equal to the sum of t3min + the LRI2K nominal response time (which depends on the LRI2K data rate and subcarrier modulation mode) before sending a new EOF. Timing values(1)
Minimum (min) values t1 t2 t3 318.6 s 309.2 s t1max
(2)
Table 19.
Nominal (nom) values 320.9 s No tnom No tnom
Maximum (max) values 323.3 s No tmax No tmax
+
tSOF(3)
1. The tolerance of specific timings is 32/fC. 2. t1max does not apply for write alike requests. Timing conditions for write alike requests are defined in the command description. 3. tSOF is the time taken by the LRI2K to transmit an SOF to the VCD. tSOF depends on the current data rate: High data rate or Low data rate.
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Commands codes
LRI2K
20
Commands codes
The LRI2K supports the commands described in this section. Their codes are given in Table 20. Table 20. Command codes
Function Inventory Stay Quiet Read Single Block Write Single Block Lock Block Read Multiple Block Select Reset to Ready Write AFI Lock AFI Write DSFID Lock DSFID Get System Info Get Multiple Block Security Status Command code custom A6h B1h B2h C0h C1h C2h C3h D1h D2h Kill Write Kill Lock Kill Fast Read Single Block Fast Inventory Initiated Fast Initiate Fast Read Multiple Block Inventor y Initiated Initiate Function
Command code standard 01h 02h 20h 21h 22h 23h 25h 26h 27h 28h 29h 2Ah 2Bh 2Ch
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LRI2K
Commands codes
20.1
Inventory
When receiving the Inventory request, the LRI2K runs the anticollision sequence. The Inventory_flag is set to 1. The meaning of flags 5 to 8 is shown in Table 13: Request flags 5 to 8 when bit 3 = 1. The request contains:
the flags, the Inventory command code (see Table 20: Command codes) the AFI if the AFI flag is set the mask length the mask value the CRC
The LRI2K does not generate any answer in case of error. Table 21. Inventory request format
Inventory 01h Optional AFI 8 bits Mask length 8 bits Mask value 0 - 64 bits CRC16 16 bits Request EOF
Request Request SOF flags 8 bits
The response contains:
the flags the Unique ID Inventory response format
DSFID 8 bits UID 64 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 22.
Response Response SOF flags 8 bits
During an Inventory process, if the VCD does not receive an RF LRI2K response, it waits a time t3 before sending an EOF to switch to the next slot. t3 starts from the rising edge of the request EOF sent by the VCD.
If the VCD sends a 100% modulated EOF, the minimum value of t3 is: t3min = 4384/fC (323.3s) + tSOF If the VCD sends a 10% modulated EOF, the minimum value of t3 is: t3min = 4384/fC (323.3s) + tNRT tSOF is the time required by the LRI2K to transmit an SOF to the VCD tNRT is the nominal response time of the LRI2K
where:
tNRT and tSOF are dependent on the LRI2K-to-VCD data rate and subcarrier modulation mode.
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Commands codes
LRI2K
20.2
Stay Quiet
On receiving the Stay Quiet command, the LRI2K enters the Quiet state and does NOT send back a response. There is NO response to the Stay Quiet command even if an error occurs. When in the Quiet state:
the LRI2K does not process any request if the Inventory_flag is set, the LRI2K processes any Addressed request it is reset (power off), receiving a Select request. It then goes to the Selected state, receiving a Reset to Ready request. It then goes to the Ready state. Stay Quiet request format
Request flags 8 bits Stay Quiet 02h UID 64 bits CRC16 16 bits Request EOF
The LRI2K exits the Quiet state when:
Table 23.
Request SOF
The Stay Quiet command must always be executed in the Addressed mode (Select_flag is reset to 0 and Address_flag is set to 1). Figure 41. Stay Quiet frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K
VCD
SOF
Stay Quiet request
EOF
LRI2K
Timing
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LRI2K
Commands codes
20.3
Read Single Block
On receiving the Read Single Block command, the LRI2K reads the requested block and sends back its 32 bits value in the response. The Option_flag is supported. Table 24.
Request SOF
Read Single Block request format
Request_flags 8 bits Read Single Block 20h UID 64 bits Block number 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Request EOF
Request parameters:
Option_flag UID (Optional) Block number Read Single Block response format when Error_flag is NOT set
Block locking status 8 bits Data 32 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 25.
Response Response_ SOF flags 8 bits
Response parameter:
Block Locking Status if Option_flag is set (see Table 26: Block Locking status) 4 bytes of block data Block Locking status
b6 b5 b4 all 0 b3 b2 b1 b0 0: Current Block not locked 1: Current Block locked
Table 26.
b7
Table 27.
Read Single Block response format when Error_flag is set
Response_ Flags 8 bits Error code 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Response SOF
Response parameter:
Error code as Error_flag is set: 0Fh: other error 10h: block address not available
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Commands codes Figure 42. READ Single Block frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K
Read Single Block request
LRI2K
VCD LRI2K
SOF
EOF <-t1-> SOF Read Single Block response EOF
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LRI2K
Commands codes
20.4
Write Single Block
On receiving the Write Single Block Command, the LRI2K writes the data contained in the request to the requested block and reports whether the write operation was successful in the response. The Option_flag is supported. During the write cycle tW, there should be no modulation (neither 100% nor 10%). Otherwise, the LRI2K may not program correctly the data into the memory. The tW time is equal to t1nom + 18 × 302s. Table 28. Write Single Block request format
Write Single Block 21h UID 64 bits Block number 8 bits Data 32 bits CRC16 16 bits Request EOF
Request Request_ SOF flags 8 bits
Request parameters:
UID (Optional) Block number Data Write Single Block response format when Error_flag is NOT set
Response_flags 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 29.
Response SOF
Response parameter:
No parameter. The response is sent back after the write cycle. Write Single Block response format when Error_flag is set
Response_flags 8 bits Error code 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 30.
Response SOF
Response parameter:
Error code as Error_flag is set: 10h: block address not available 12h: block is locked 13h: block not programmed
Figure 43. Write Single Block frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K
VCD LRI2K SOF Write Single Block request EOF <-t1-> SOF Write Single Block response EOF Write sequence when error
LRI2K
<------------ tW ------------><- t1 ->
SOF
Write Single Block response
EOF
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Commands codes
LRI2K
20.5
Lock Block
On receiving the Lock Block command, the LRI2K permanently locks the selected block. The Option_flag is supported. During the write cycle tW, there should be no modulation (neither 100% nor 10%). Otherwise, the LRI2K may not lock correctly the memory block. The tW time is equal to t1nom + 18 × 302s. Table 31. Lock Single Block request format
UID 64 bits Block number 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Request EOF
Request Request_ Lock Block SOF flags 8 bits 22h
Request parameters:
(Optional) UID Block number Lock Block response format when Error_flag is NOT set
Response_flags 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 32.
Response SOF
Response parameter:
No parameter. Lock Block response format when Error_flag is set
Response_flags 8 bits Error code 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 33.
Response SOF
Response parameter:
Error code as Error_flag is set: 10h: block address not available 11h: block is locked 14h: block not locked
Figure 44. Lock Block frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K
VCD
SOF
Lock Block EOF request <-t1-> SOF Lock Block response EOF Lock sequence when error
LRI2K
LRI2K
<------------ tW ------------><- t1 -> SOF
Lock Block response
EOF
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LRI2K
Commands codes
20.6
Read Multiple Block
When receiving the Read Multiple Block command, the LRI2K reads the selected blocks and sends back their value in multiples of 32 bits in the response. The blocks are numbered from '00 to '3F' in the request and the value is minus one (1) in the field. For example, if the "number of blocks" field contains the value 06h, 7 blocks will be read. The maximum number of blocks is fixed at 64. During Sequential Block Read, when the block address reaches 64, it rolls over to 0. The Option_flag is supported. Table 34. Read Multiple Block request format
UID 64 bits First Number block of number blocks 8 bits 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Request EOF
Read Request Request_ Multiple SOF flags Block 8 bits 23h
Request parameters:
Option_flag UID (Optional) First block number Number of blocks Read Multiple Block response format when Error_flag is NOT set
Block Locking Status 8 bits(1) Data 32 bits(1) CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 35.
Response Response_ SOF flags 8 bits
1. Repeated as needed.
Response parameter:
Block Locking Status if Option_flag is set (see Table 36: Block Locking status) N blocks of data Block Locking status
b6 b5 b4 All 0 b3 b2 b1 b0 0: Current Block not locked 1: Current Block locked
Table 36.
b7
Table 37.
Read Multiple Block response format when Error_flag is set
Response_flags 8 bits Error code 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Response SOF
Response parameter:
Error code as Error_flag is set: 0Fh: other error 10h: block address not available
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Commands codes Figure 45. Read Multiple Block frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K
Read Multiple EOF Block request <-t1-> SOF Read Multiple Block EOF response
LRI2K
VCD
SOF
LRI2K
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LRI2K
Commands codes
20.7
Select
When receiving the Select command:
if the UID is equal to its own UID, the LRI2K enters or stays in the Selected state and sends a response. if the UID does not match its own, the selected LRI2K returns to the Ready state and does not send a response.
The LRI2K answers an error code only if the UID is equal to its own UID. If not, no response is generated. Table 38. Select request format
Select 25h UID 64 bits CRC16 16 bits Request EOF
Request Request_ SOF flags 8 bits
Request parameter:
UID Select Block response format when Error_flag is NOT set
Response_flags 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 39.
Response SOF
Response parameter:
No parameter. Select response format when Error_flag is set
Response_flags 8 bits Error code 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 40.
Response SOF
Response parameter:
Error code as Error_flag is set: 0Fh: other error
Figure 46. Select frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K
VCD
SOF
Select request
EOF <-t1-> SOF Select response EOF
LRI2K
55/86
Commands codes
LRI2K
20.8
Reset to Ready
On receiving a Reset to Ready command, the LRI2K returns to the Ready state. In the Addressed mode, the LRI2K answers an error code only if the UID is equal to its own UID. If not, no response is generated. Table 41. Reset to Ready request format
Reset to Ready 26h UID 64 bits CRC16 16 bits Request EOF
Request Request_ SOF flags 8 bits
Request parameter:
UID (Optional) Reset to Ready response format when Error_flag is NOT set
Response_flags 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 42.
Response SOF
Response parameter:
No parameter. Reset to ready response format when Error_flag is set
Response_ flags 8 bits Error code 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 43.
Response SOF
Response parameter:
Error code as Error_flag is set: 0Fh: other error
Figure 47. Reset to Ready frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K
VCD
SOF
Reset to Ready request
EOF <-t1-> SOF Reset to Ready EOF response
LRI2K
56/86
LRI2K
Commands codes
20.9
Write AFI
On receiving the Write AFI request, the LRI2K writes the AFI byte value into its memory. The Option_flag is supported. During the write cycle tW, there should be no modulation (neither 100% nor 10%). Otherwise, the LRI2K may not write correctly the AFI value into the memory. The tW time is equal to t1nom + 18 × 302s. Table 44. Write AFI request format
Write AFI 27h UID 64 bits AFI 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Request EOF
Request Request SOF _flags 8 bits
Request parameters:
UID (Optional) AFI Write AFI response format when Error_flag is NOT set
Response_flags 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 45.
Response SOF
Response parameter:
No parameter. Write AFI response format when Error_flag is set
Response_flags 8 bits Error code 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 46.
Response SOF
Response parameter:
Error code as Error_flag is set: 12h: block is locked 13h: block not programmed
Figure 48. Write AFI frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K
VCD
SOF
Write AFI request
EOF Write AFI response Write sequence when error
LRI2 K
<-t1->
SOF
EOF
LRI2 K
<------------ tW ------------><- t1 -> SOF
Write AFI response
EOF
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Commands codes
LRI2K
20.10
Lock AFI
On receiving the Lock AFI request, the LRI2K locks the AFI value permanently. The Option_flag is supported. During the write cycle tW, there should be no modulation (neither 100% nor 10%). Otherwise, the LRI2K may not Lock correctly the AFI value in memory. The tW time is equal to t1nom + 18 × 302 s. Table 47. Lock AFI request format
Request_ flags 8 bits Lock AFI 28h UID 64 bits CRC16 16 bits Request EOF
Request SOF
Request parameter:
UID (Optional) Lock AFI response format when Error_flag is NOT set
Response_flags 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 48.
Response SOF
Response parameter:
No parameter. Lock AFI response format when Error_flag is set
Error code 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 49.
Response SOF Response_flags 8 bits
Response parameter:
Error code as Error_flag is set: 11h: block is locked 14h: block not locked
Figure 49. Lock AFI frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K
VCD
SOF
Lock AFI request
EOF <-t1-> SOF Lock AFI response EOF Lock sequence when error
LRI2K
LRI2K
<------------ tW ------------><- t1 -> SOF
Lock AFI response
EOF
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LRI2K
Commands codes
20.11
Write DSFID
On receiving the Write DSFID request, the LRI2K writes the DSFID byte value into its memory. The Option_flag is supported. During the write cycle tW, there should be no modulation (neither 100% nor 10%). Otherwise, the LRI2K may not write correctly the DSFID value in memory. The tW time is equal to t1nom + 18 × 302s. Table 50. Write DSFID request format
Write DSFID 29h UID 64 bits DSFID 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Request EOF
Request Request_ SOF flags 8 bits
Request parameters:
UID (Optional) DSFID Write DSFID response format when Error_flag is NOT set
Response_flags 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 51.
Response SOF
Response parameter:
No parameter. Write DSFID response format when Error_flag is set
Response_ flags 8 bits Error code 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 52.
Response SOF
Response parameter:
Error code as Error_flag is set: 12h: block is locked 13h: block not programmed
Figure 50. Write DSFID frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K
VCD
SOF
Write DSFID request
EOF Write DSFID response Write sequence when error
LRI2K
<-t1->
SOF
EOF
LRI2K
<------------ tW ------------><- t1 -> SOF
Write DSFID EOF response
59/86
Commands codes
LRI2K
20.12
Lock DSFID
On receiving the Lock DSFID request, the LRI2K locks the DSFID value permanently. The Option_flag is supported. During the write cycle tW, there should be no modulation (neither 100% nor 10%). Otherwise, the LRI2K may not lock correctly the DSFID value in memory. The tW time is equal to t1nom + 18 × 302s. Table 53. Lock DSFID request format
Request_ flags 8 bits Lock DSFID 2Ah UID 64 bits CRC16 16 bits Request EOF
Request SOF
Request parameter:
UID (Optional) Lock DSFID response format when Error_flag is NOT set
Response_flags 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 54.
Response SOF
Response parameter:
No parameter. Lock DSFID response format when Error_flag is set
Response_ flags 8 bits Error code 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 55.
Response SOF
Response parameter:
Error code as Error_flag is set: 11h: block is locked 14h: block not locked
Figure 51. Lock DSFID frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K
VCD
SOF
Lock DSFID request
EOF Lock DSFID response Lock sequence when error
LRI2K
<-t1->
SOF
EOF
LRI2K
<------------ tW ------------><- t1 -> SOF
Lock DSFID EOF response
60/86
LRI2K
Commands codes
20.13
Get System Info
When receiving the Get System Info command, the LRI2K sends back its information data in the response.The Option_flag is supported and must be reset to 0. The Get System Info can be issued in both Addressed and Non Addressed modes. Table 56. Get System Info request format
Request_ Get System flags Info 8 bits 2Bh UID 64 bits CRC16 16 bits Request EOF
Request SOF
Request parameter:
UID (Optional) Get System Info response format when Error_flag is NOT set
UID DSFID AFI Memory IC Response CRC16 size reference EOF
Table 57.
Response Response_ Information SOF flags flags 00h 0Fh
64 bits 8 bits 8 bits 033Fh 001000xxb 16 bits
Response parameters:
Information Flags set to 0Fh. DSFID, AFI, Memory Size and IC reference fields are present. UID code on 64 bits DSFID value AFI value memory size. The LRI2K provides 64 blocks (3Fh) of 4 bytes (03h). IC Reference. Only the 6 MSBs are significant. The product code of the LRI2K is 00 1000b=8d Get System Info response format when Error_flag is set
Response_flags 01h Error code 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 58.
Response SOF
Response parameter:
Error code as Error_flag is set: 03h: Option not supported 0Fh: other error
Figure 52. Get System Info frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K
VCD
SOF
Get System Info request
EOF Get System Info EOF response
LRI2K
<-t1-> SOF
61/86
Commands codes
LRI2K
20.14
Get Multiple Block Security Status
When receiving the Get Multiple Block Security Status command, the LRI2K sends back the block security status. The blocks are numbered from '00 to '3F' in the request and the value is minus one (1) in the field. For example, a value of '06' in the "Number of blocks" field requests to return the security status of 7 Blocks. Table 59. Get Multiple Block Security Status request format
Get Multiple Block Security Status 2Ch First Number block of number blocks 8 bits 8 bits Request EOF
Request Request_ SOF flags 8 bits
UID
CRC16
64 bits
16 bits
Request parameters:
UID (Optional) First block number Number of blocks Get Multiple Block Security Status response format when Error_flag is NOT set
Response_flags 8 bits Block Locking Status 8 bits(1) CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 60.
Response SOF
1. Repeated as needed.
Response parameters:
Block Locking Status (see Table 61: Block Locking status) N block of data Block Locking status
b6 b5 b4 All 0 b3 b2 b1 b0 0: Current block not locked 1: Current block locked
Table 61.
b7
Table 62.
Get Multiple Block Security Status response format when Error_flag is set
Response_flags 8 bits Error code 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Response SOF
Response parameter:
Error code as Error_flag is set: 03h: Option not supported 0Fh: other error
62/86
LRI2K
Commands codes Figure 53. Get Multiple Block Security Status frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K
Get Multiple Block SOF EOF Security Status <-t1-> SOF Get Multiple Block Security Status EOF
VCD
LRI2K
63/86
Commands codes
LRI2K
20.15
Kill
On receiving the Kill command, in the Addressed mode only, the LRI2K compares the kill code with the data contained in the request and reports whether the operation was successful in the response. The Option_flag is supported. If the command is received in the Non Addressed or the Selected mode, the LRI2K returns an error response. During the comparison cycle equal to tW, there should be no modulation (neither 100% nor 10%). Otherwise, the LRI2K may not match the kill code correctly. The tW time is equal to t1nom + 18 × 302s. After a successful Kill command, the LRI2K is deactivated and does not interpret any other command. Table 63. Kill request format
Kill A6h IC Mfg code 02h UID 64 bits Kill access 00h Kill code 32 bits CRC16 16 bits Request EOF
Request Request_ SOF flags 8 bits
Request parameters:
UID (Optional) Kill Code Kill response format when Error_flag is NOT set
Response_flags 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 64.
Response SOF
Response parameter:
No parameter. The response is send back after the writing cycle Kill response format when Error_flag is set
Response_flags 8 bits Error code 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 65.
Response SOF
Response parameter:
Error code as Error_flag is set: 0Fh: other error 14h: block not locked
Figure 54. Kill frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K
VCD LRI2K
SOF Kill request EOF <-t1-> SOF Kill response EOF Kill sequence when error
LRI2K
<------------ tW ------------><- t1 -> SOF Kill response EOF
64/86
LRI2K
Commands codes
20.16
Write Kill
On receiving the Write Kill command, the LRI2K writes the kill code with the data contained in the request and reports whether the operation was successful in the response. The Option_flag is supported. After a successful write, the kill code must be locked by a Lock Kill command to activate the protection. During the write cycle tW, there should be no modulation (neither 100% nor 10%). Otherwise, the LRI2K may not correctly program the data to the memory. The tW time is equal to t1nom + 18 × 302 s. Table 66. Write Kill request format
Write Kill B1h IC Mfg code 02h UID 64 bits Kill access 00h Kill code CRC16 32 bits 16 bits Request EOF
Request Request_ SOF flags 8 bits
Request parameters:
UID (Optional) Kill Address (00h = Kill, other = Error) Data Write Kill response format when Error_flag is NOT set
Response_flags 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 67.
Response SOF
No parameter. The response is send back after the write cycle. Table 68. Write Kill response format when Error_flag is set
Response_flags 8 bits Error code 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Response SOF
Response parameter:
Error code as Error_flag is set: 10h: block address not available 12h: block is locked 13h: block not programmed
Figure 55. Write Kill frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K
Write Kill request
VCD LRI2K
SOF
EOF <-t1-> SOF Write Kill response EOF Write sequence when error
LRI2K
<------------ tW ------------><- t1 -> SOF
Write Kill response
EOF
65/86
Commands codes
LRI2K
20.17
Lock Kill
On receiving the Lock Kill command, the LRI2K locks the Kill code permanently. The Option_flag is supported. RFU bit 8 of the request flag must be set to `1'. During the write cycle tW, there should be no modulation (neither 100% nor 10%). Otherwise, the LRI2K may not lock the memory block correctly. The tW time is equal to t1nom + 18 × 302 s. Table 69. Lock Kill request format
Lock Kill B2h IC Mfg code 02h UID 64 bits Kill access 00f Protect Status 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Request EOF
Request Request_ SOF flags 8 bits
Request parameters:
(Optional) UID Kill Address (bit 8 = `1': 00h = KILL, other = Error) Protect status (see table below)
b7 0 b6 0 b5 0 b4 0 b3 0 b2 0 b1 0 b0 1
Table 70.
Lock Kill response format when Error_flag is NOT set
Response_flags 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Response SOF
Response parameter:
No parameter. Lock Kill response format when Error_flag is set
Response_flags 8 bits Error code 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 71.
Response SOF
Response parameter:
Error code as Error_flag is set: 10h: block address not available 11h: block is locked 14h: block not locked
66/86
LRI2K Figure 56. Lock Kill frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K
Commands codes
VCD
SOF
Lock Kill request
EOF <-t1-> SOF Lock Kill response EOF Lock sequence when error
LRI2K
LRI2K
<------------ tW ------------><- t1 -> SOF
Lock Kill response
EOF
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Commands codes
LRI2K
20.18
Fast Read Single Block
On receiving the Fast Read Single Block command, the LRI2K reads the requested block and sends back its 32-bit value in the response. The Option_flag is supported. The data rate of the response is multiplied by 2. Table 72.
Request SOF
Fast Read Single Block request format
Request_ flags 8 bits Fast Read IC Mfg Single code Block C0h 02h UID 64 bits Block number 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Request EOF
Request parameters:
Option_flag UID (Optional) Block number Fast Read Single Block response format when Error_flag is NOT set
Data 32 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 73.
Response Response_ Block locking SOF flags status 8 bits 8 bits
Response parameter:
Block Locking Status if Option_flag is set 4 bytes of Block Data Block Locking status
b6 b5 b4 All 0 b3 b2 b1 b0 0: Current Block not locked 1: Current Block locked
Table 74.
b7
Table 75.
Fast Read Single Block response format when Error_flag is set
Response_ flags 8 bits Error code 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Response SOF
Response parameter:
Error code as Error_flag is set: 0Fh: other error 10h: block address not available
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LRI2K
Commands codes Figure 57. Fast Read Single Block frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K
VCD
SOF
Fast Read Single EOF Block request <-t1-> SOF Fast Read Single EOF Block response
LRI2K
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Commands codes
LRI2K
20.19
Fast Inventory Initiated
Before receiving the Fast Inventory Initiated command, the LRI2K must have received an Initiate or a Fast Initiate command in order to set the Initiate_ flag. If not, the LRI2K does not answer to the Fast Inventory Initiated command. On receiving the Fast Inventory Initiated request, the LRI2K runs the anticollision sequence. The Inventory_flag must be set to 1. The Meaning of Flags 5 to 8 is shown in Table 13: Request flags 5 to 8 when bit 3 = 1. The data rate of the response is multiplied by 2. The request contains:
the flags, the Inventory command code the AFI if the AFI flag is set the mask length the mask value the CRC
The LRI2K does not generate any answer if an error occurs. Table 76. Fast Inventory Initiated request format
Mask length 8 bits Mask value 0 - 64 bits CRC16 16 bits Request EOF
Fast Request Request IC Mfg Optiona Inventory SOF Flags Code l AFI Initiated 8 bits C1h 02h 8 bits
The response contains:
The flags the Unique ID Fast Inventory Initiated response format
UID 64 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 77.
Response SOF Response Flags DSFID 8 bits 00h
During an Inventory process, if the VCD does not receive an RF LRI2K response, it waits a time t3 before sending an EOF to switch to the next slot. t3 starts from the rising edge of the request EOF sent by the VCD.
If the VCD sends a 100% modulated EOF, the minimum value of t3 is: t3min = 4384/fC (323.3 s) + tSOF If the VCD sends a 10% modulated EOF, the minimum value of t3 is: t3min = 4384/fC (323.3 s) + tNRT tSOF is the time required by the LRI2K to transmit an SOF to the VCD tNRT is the nominal response time of the LRI2K
where:
tNRT and tSOF are dependent on the LRI2K-to-VCD data rate and subcarrier modulation mode.
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LRI2K
Commands codes
20.20
Fast Initiate
On receiving the Fast Initiate command, the LRI2K sets the internal Initiate_flag and sends back a response. The command has to be issued in the Non Addressed mode only (Select_flag is reset to 0 and Address_flag is reset to 0). If an error occurs, the LRI2K does not generate any answer. The Initiate_flag is reset after a power off of the LRI2K. The data rate of the response is multiplied by 2. The request contains:
No data Fast Initiate request format
Request Flags 8 bits Fast Initiate C2h IC Mfg code 02h CRC16 16 bits Request EOF
Table 78.
Request SOF
The response contains:
the flags the Unique ID Fast Initiate response format
UID 64 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 79.
Response Response_ DSFID SOF flags 8 bits 00h
Figure 58. Fast Initiate frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K
VCD
SOF
Fast Initiate EOF request <-t1-> SOF Fast Initiate response EOF
LRI2K
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Commands codes
LRI2K
20.21
Fast Read Multiple Block
On receiving the Fast Read Multiple Block command, the LRI2K reads the requested blocks and sends back their value in multiples of 32 bits in the response. The blocks are numbered from '00' to '3F' in the request and the value is minus one (1) in the field. For example, a value 06h in the "number of blocks" field causes the LRI2K to read 7 blocks. The maximum number of blocks is fixed at 64. During Sequential Block Read, when the block address reaches 64, it rolls over to 0. The Option_flag is supported. The data rate of the response is multiplied by 2. Table 80. Fast Read Multiple Block request format
Fast Read Multiple Block C3h IC Mfg code 02h First Number Request block of CRC16 EOF number blocks 8 bits 8 bits 16 bits
Request Request_ SOF flags 8 bits
UID
64 bits
Request parameters:
Option_flag UID (Optional) First block number Number of blocks Fast Read Multiple Block response format when Error_flag is NOT set
Data 32 bits(1) CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 81.
Response Response_ Block Locking SOF flags Status 8 bits
1. Repeated as needed.
8 bits(1)
Response parameters:
Block Locking Status if Option_flag is set N block of data Block Locking status if Option_flag is set
b6 b5 b4 All 0 b3 b2 b1 b0 0: Current block not locked 1: Current block locked
Table 82.
b7
Table 83.
Fast Read Multiple Block response format when Error_flag is set
Response_flags 8 bits Error code 8 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Response SOF
Response parameter:
Error code as Error_flag is set: 0Fh: other error 10h: block address not available
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LRI2K
Commands codes Figure 59. Fast Read Multiple Block frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K
Fast Read Multiple Block request
VCD
SOF
EOF
LRI2K
Fast Read <-t1-> SOF Multiple Block EOF response
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Commands codes
LRI2K
20.22
Inventory Initiated
Before receiving the Inventory Initiated command, the LRI2K must have received an Initiate or a Fast Initiate command in order to set the Initiate_ flag. If not, the LRI2K does not answer to the Inventory Initiated command. On receiving the Inventory Initiated request, the LRI2K runs the anticollision sequence. The Inventory_flag must be set to 1. The Meaning of Flags 5 to 8 is given in Table 13: Request flags 5 to 8 when bit 3 = 1. The request contains:
the flags, the Inventory command code the AFI if the AFI flag is set the mask length the mask value the CRC
The LRI2K does not generate any answer if an error occurs. Table 84. Inventory Initiated request format
Mask length 8 bits Mask value 0 - 64 bits CRC16 16 bits Request EOF
Request Request Inventory IC Mfg Optiona SOF Flags Initiated code l AFI 8 bits D1h 02h 8 bits
The response contains:
the flags the Unique ID Inventory Initiated response format
DSFID 00h UID 64 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 85.
Response Response SOF Flags 8 bits
During an Inventory process, if the VCD does not receive an RF LRI2K response, it waits a time t3 before sending an EOF to switch to the next slot. t3 starts from the rising edge of the request EOF sent by the VCD.
If the VCD sends a 100% modulated EOF, the minimum value of t3 is: t3min = 4384/fC (323.3 s) + tSOF If the VCD sends a 10% modulated EOF, the minimum value of t3 is: t3min = 4384/fC (323.3 s) + tNRT tSOF is the time required by the LRI2K to transmit an SOF to the VCD tNRT is the nominal response time of the LRI2K
where:
tNRT and tSOF are dependent on the LRI2K-to-VCD data rate and subcarrier modulation mode.
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LRI2K
Commands codes
20.23
Initiate
On receiving the Initiate command, the LRI2K sets the internal Initiate_flag and sends back a response. The command has to be issued in the Non Addressed mode only (Select_flag is reset to 0 and Address_flag is reset to 0). If an error occurs, the LRI2K does not generate any answer. The Initiate_flag is reset after a power off of the LRI2K. The request contains:
No data Initiate request format
Initiate D2h IC Mfg code 02h CRC16 16 bits Request EOF
Table 86.
Request SOF Request Flags 8 bits
The response contain:
the flags the Unique ID Initiate Initiated response format
DSFID 00h UID 64 bits CRC16 16 bits Response EOF
Table 87.
Response Response SOF Flags 8 bits
Figure 60. Initiate frame exchange between VCD and LRI2K
VCD
SOF
Initiate request
EOF <-t1-> SOF Initiate response EOF
LRI2K
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Maximum rating
LRI2K
21
Maximum rating
Stressing the device above the rating listed in the absolute maximum ratings table may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operating sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Refer also to the STMicroelectronics SURE Program and other relevant quality documents. Table 88.
Symbol
Absolute maximum ratings
Parameter UFDFPN8 Min. 65 15 Max. 150 C 25 23 20 7 UFDFPN8 (HBM(2))
(3))
Unit
TSTG
Storage temperature
Wafer (kept in its antistatic bag) Wafer (kept in its antistatic bag)
tSTG ICC VMAX VESD
Storage time Supply current on AC0 / AC1 Input voltage on AC0 / AC1 Electrostatic discharge voltage(1)
months mA V V V
20 7 1000 100
1000 100
UFDFPN8 (MM
1. Mil. Std. 883 - Method 3015. 2. Human body model. 3. Machine model.
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LRI2K
DC and AC parameters
22
DC and AC parameters
This section summarizes the operating and measurement conditions, and the DC and AC characteristics of the device. The parameters in the DC and AC Characteristic tables that follow are derived from tests performed under the Measurement Conditions summarized in the relevant tables. Designers should check that the operating conditions in their circuit match the measurement conditions when relying on the quoted parameters. Table 89.
Symbol fCC
AC characteristics(1) (2)
Parameter External RF signal frequency MI=(A-B)/(A+B) Condition Min Typ Max Unit
13.553 13.56 13.567 MHz 10 0.5 7.1 MI=(A-B)/(A+B) 95 0.5 7.1 2 From H-field min FCC/32 FCC/28 4224/FS 4224/FS 318.6 309 0.1 423.75 484.28 320.9 311.5 323.3 314 5.8 30 3.0 9.44 100 3.5 9.44 +2 1 % s s % s s s ms kHz kHz s s ms
MICARRIER 10% carrier modulation index tRFR, tRFF tRFSBL 10% rise and fall time 10% minimum pulse width for bit
MICARRIER 100% carrier modulation index tRFR, tRFF tRFSBL tJIT tMIN CD fSH fSL t1 t2 tW 100% rise and fall time 100% minimum pulse width for bit Bit pulse jitter Minimum time from carrier generation to first data Subcarrier frequency high Subcarrier frequency low Time for LRI2K response Time between command Programming time
1. TA = 20 to 85C. 2. All timing measurements were performed on a reference antenna with the following characteristics: External size: 75 mm x 48 mm Number of turns: 6 Width of conductor: 1 mm Space between 2 conductors: 0.4 mm Value of the tuning capacitor: 28.5 pF (LRI2K-W4) Value of the coil: 4.3 H Tuning frequency: 13.8 MHz.
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DC and AC parameters Table 90.
Symbol VCC VRET ICC
LRI2K DC characteristics(1)
Parameter Test conditions Min. 1.5 ISO10373-7 VCC = 3.0 V VCC = 3.0 V f = 13.56 MHz for W4/1 f = 13.56 MHz for W4/2 21 28.5 97 23.5 10 50 150 Typ. Max. 3.0 Unit V mV A A pF pF pF pF
Regulated voltage Retromodulated induced voltage Read Supply current Wr ite
CTUN
Internal tuning capacitor f = 13.56 MHz for W4/3 f = 13.56 MHz for W4/4
1. TA = 20 to 85C.
Table 91.
Symbol TA
Operating conditions
Parameter Ambient operating temperature Min. 20 Max. 85 Unit C
Figure 61. LRI2K synchronous timing, transmit and receive
A
B
tRFF
tRFR
fCC
tRFSBL
tMAX
tMIN CD
AI06680
Figure 61 shows an ASK modulated signal, from the VCD to the LRI2K. The test condition for the AC/DC parameters are:
Close coupling condition with tester antenna (1mm) LRI2K performance measured at the tag antenna
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LRI2K
Package mechanical data
23
Package mechanical data
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in ECOPACK packages. These packages have a Lead-free second-level interconnect. The category of second-level interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an ST trademark. ECOPACK specifications are available at: www.st.com. Figure 62. UFDFPN8 - 8-lead ultra thin fine pitch dual flat package no lead (MLP) outline
D L3 e b L1
E
E2
L A D2 ddd A1
UFDFPN-01
1. Drawing is not to scale.
Table 92.
UFDFPN8 - 8-lead ultra thin fine pitch dual flat package no lead (MLP) mechanical data
Millimeters Inches(1) Max. 0.6 0.05 0.3 2.1 1.7 3.1 0.3 0.5 0.15 0.3 0.08 0.0118 0.0031 Typ. 0.0217 0.0008 0.0098 0.0787 0.063 0.1181 0.0079 0.0197 0.0177 Min. 0.0177 0 0.0079 0.0748 0.0591 0.1142 0.0039 0.0157 Max. 0.0236 0.002 0.0118 0.0827 0.0669 0.122 0.0118 0.0197 0.0059
Symbol Typ. A A1 b D D2 E E2 e L L1 L3 ddd
(2)
Min. 0.45 0 0.2 1.9 1.5 2.9 0.1 0.4
0.55 0.02 0.25 2 1.6 3 0.2 0.5 0.45
1. Values in inches are converted from mm and rounded to 4 decimal digits. 2. Applied for exposed die paddle and terminals. Exclude embedding part of exposed die paddle from measuring.
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Part numbering
LRI2K
24
Part numbering
Table 93.
Example:
Ordering information scheme
LRI2K W4 / 2 GE
Device type LRI2K
Package W4 =180 m 15 m unsawn wafer SBN18 = 180 m 15 m bumped and sawn wafer on 8-inch frame MBTG = UFDFPN8 (MLP8), tape & reel packing, ECOPACK, lead-free, RoHS compliant, Sb2O3-free and TBBA-free
Tuning capacitance 1 = 21 pF 2 = 28.5 pF 3 = 97 pF 4 = 23 pF
Customer code given by ST GE = generic product xx = customer code after personalization
For further information on any aspect of this device, please contact your nearest ST sales office.
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LRI2K
Anticollision algorithm (Informative)
Appendix A
Anticollision algorithm (Informative)
The following pseudocode describes how anticollision could be implemented on the VCD, using recursivity.
A.1
Algorithm for pulsed slots
function push (mask, address); pushes on private stack function pop (mask, address); pops from private stack function pulse_next_pause; generates a power pulse function store(LRI2K_UID); stores LRI2K_UID function poll_loop (sub_address_size as integer) pop (mask, address) mask = address & mask; generates new mask ; send the request mode = anticollision send_request (Request_cmd, mode, mask length, mask value) for sub_address = 0 to (2^sub_address_size - 1) pulse_next_pause if no_collision_is_detected ; LRI2K is inventoried then store (LRI2K_UID) else ; remember a collision was detected push(mask,address) endif next sub_address if stack_not_empty ; if some collisions have been detected and then ; not yet processed, the function calls itself poll_loop (sub_address_size); recursively to process the last stored collision endif end poll_loop main_cycle: mask = null address = null push (mask, address) poll_loop(sub_address_size) end_main_cycle
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CRC (Informative)
LRI2K
Appendix B
B.1
CRC (Informative)
CRC error detection method
The cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is calculated on all data contained in a message, from the start of the Flags through to the end of Data. The CRC is used from VCD to LRI2K and from LRI2K to VCD. Table 94. CRC definition
CRC definition CRC type ISO/IEC 13239 Length 16 bits X
16
Polynomial + X12 + X5 + 1 = 8408h
Direction Backward
Preset FFFFh
Residue F0B8h
To add extra protection against shifting errors, a further transformation on the calculated CRC is made. The one's complement of the calculated CRC is the value attached to the message for transmission. To check received messages the 2 CRC bytes are often also included in the re-calculation, for ease of use. In this case, the expected value for the generated CRC is the residue F0B8h.
B.2
CRC calculation example
This example in C language illustrates one method of calculating the CRC on a given set of bytes comprising a message.
C-Example to calculate or check the CRC16 according to ISO/IEC 13239
#define #define #define #define #define #define POLYNOMIAL8408h// PRESET_VALUEFFFFh CHECK_VALUEF0B8h x^16 + x^12 + x^5 + 1
NUMBER_OF_BYTES4// Example: 4 data bytes CALC_CRC1 CHECK_CRC0
void main() { unsigned int current_crc_value; unsigned char array_of_databytes[NUMBER_OF_BYTES + 2] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 91h, 39h}; int number_of_databytes = NUMBER_OF_BYTES; int calculate_or_check_crc; int i, j; calculate_or_check_crc = CALC_CRC; // calculate_or_check_crc = CHECK_CRC;// This could be an other example if (calculate_or_check_crc == CALC_CRC) { number_of_databytes = NUMBER_OF_BYTES;
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LRI2K } else // check CRC { number_of_databytes = NUMBER_OF_BYTES + 2; } current_crc_value = PRESET_VALUE;
CRC (Informative)
for (i = 0; i < number_of_databytes; i++) { current_crc_value = current_crc_value ^ ((unsigned int)array_of_databytes[i]); for (j = 0; j < 8; j++) { if (current_crc_value & 0001h) { current_crc_value = (current_crc_value >> 1) ^ POLYNOMIAL; } else { current_crc_value = (current_crc_value >> 1); } } } if (calculate_or_check_crc == CALC_CRC) { current_crc_value = ~current_crc_value; printf ("Generated CRC is 0x%04X\n", current_crc_value); // stream // } else { if { current_crc_value is now ready to be appended to the data (first LSByte, then MSByte) // check CRC (current_crc_value == CHECK_VALUE)
printf ("Checked CRC is ok (0x%04X)\n", current_crc_value); } else { printf ("Checked CRC is NOT ok (0x%04X)\n", current_crc_value); } } }
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CRC (Informative)
LRI2K
B.3
Application family identifier (AFI) (informative)
The AFI (application family identifier) represents the type of application targeted by the VCD and is used to extract from all the LRI2K present only the LRI2K meeting the required application criteria. It is programmed by the LRI2K issuer (the purchaser of the LRI2K). Once locked, it cannot be modified. The most significant nibble of the AFI is used to code one specific or all application families, as defined in Table 95. The least significant nibble of the AFI is used to code one specific or all application subfamilies. Subfamily codes different from 0 are proprietary. Table 95.
AFI most significant nibble `0' `X' 'X `0' `1 '2 '3 '4 `5' '6 '7 8 '9 'A 'B 'C 'D 'E `F'
AFI coding(1)
AFI least significant nibble `0' '0 '`Y' `Y' '`0', `Y' '`0', `Y' '`0', `Y' '`0', `Y' `0', `Y' '`0', `Y' '`0', `Y' '`0', `Y' '`0', `Y' '`0', `Y' '`0', `Y' '`0', `Y' '`0', `Y' '`0', `Y' `0', `Y' Meaning VICCs respond from All families and subfamilies 'All subfamilies of family X Only the Y subfamily of family X Proprietary subfamily Y only Transpor t Financial Identification Telecommunication Medical Multimedia Gaming Data storage Item management Express parcels Postal services Airline bags RFU RFU RFU Por table Files etc. Internet services etc. Mass transit, Bus, Airline etc. IEP, Banking, Retail etc. Access Control etc. Public Telephony, GSM etc.
th
Examples / Note
No applicative preselection Wide applicative preselection
1. X = '1' to 'F', Y = '1' to 'F.
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LRI2K
Revision history
Revision history
Table 96.
Date 17-Feb-2006
Document revision history
Revision 1 Initial release. Figure 2: UFDFPN8 (MLP) connections added. Only bits set to `1' are programmed to the AFI and DSFID Registers (see Section 20.9: Write AFI and Section 20.11: Write DSFID. CTUN typical value for W4/3 modified in Table 90: DC characteristics. Small text changes. Section 20.9: Write AFI and Section 20.11: Write DSFID modified. Document status promoted from Preliminary Data to full Datasheet. Small text changes. 23.5 pF internal tuning capacitor (CTUN) value added (see Features on page 1 and Table 90: DC characteristics. VESD max modified for MLP in Table 88: Absolute maximum ratings. VESD min modified for MLP in Table 88: Absolute maximum ratings. Response parameters modified in Section 20.14: Get Multiple Block Security Status on page 62. UFDFPN8 package mechanical data updated and dimensions in inches rounded to four decimal digits instead of three in Table 92: UFDFPN8 - 8-lead ultra thin fine pitch dual flat package no lead (MLP) mechanical data. LRI2K products are no longer offered in A1 inlays and A6 and A7 antennas. TSTG added for UFDPFN8 package in Table 88: Absolute maximum ratings. Table 93: Ordering information scheme clarified. Changes
08-Feb-2007
2
15-Jun-2007 20-Jul-2007
3 4
31-Aug-2007 07-Sep-2007
5 6
08-Apr-2008
7
16-Sep-2008
8
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LRI2K
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