L6574
CFL/TL BALLAST DRIVER PREHEAT AND DIMMING
s s s
s s s s s s s s s s
HIGH VOLTAGE RAIL UP TO 600V dV/dt IMMUNITY 50 V/ns IN FULL TEMPERATURE RANGE DRIVER CURRENT CAPABILITY: 250mA SOURCE 450mA SINK SWITCHING TIMES 80/40ns RISE/FALL WITH 1nF LOAD CMOS SHUT DOWN INPUT UNDER VOLTAGE LOCK OUT PREHEAT AND FREQUENCY SHIFTING TIMING SEN SE OP AMP FOR CLOSED LOOP CONTROL OR PROTECTION FEATURES HIGH ACCURACY CURRENT CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR INTEGRATED BOOTSTRAP DIODE CLAMPING ON VS. SO16, DIP 16 PACKAGES
SO16N
DIP16
ORDERING NUMBERS: L6574D L6574
The device is intended to drive two power MOSFETS, in the classical half bridge topology, ensuring all the features needed to drive and properly control a fluorescent bulb. A dedicated timing section in the L6574 allows the user set the necessary parameters for proper preheat and ignition of the lamp. Also, an OP AMP is available to implement closed loop control of the lamp current during normal lamp burning. An integrated bootstrap section, eliminating the normally required bootstrap diode and the zener clamping on Vs, makes the L6574 well suited for low cost applications where few additional components are needed to build a high performance ballast.
DESCRIPTION In order to ensure voltage ratings in excess of 600V, the L6574 is manufactured with BCD OFF LINE technology, which makes it well suited for lamp ballast applications. BLOCK DIAGRAM
H.V. VS OP AMP OPOUT OPINOPIN+ OUT Imin VREF DEAD TIME Ifs Imax VREF + RPRE CONTROL LOGIC Vthpre + VTHE EN2 VTHE EN1 Ipre DRIVING LOGIC LEVEL SHIFTER VS LVG RING LVG DRIVER GND VBOOT
+ UV DETECTION BOOTSTRAP DRIVER HVG DRIVER
HVG
CBOOT LOAD
+ -
+ -
VCO Cf
CPRE
D97IN493A
September 2003
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L6574
PIN CONNECTION (top view)
CPRE RPRE CF RING OPOUT OPINOPIN+ EN1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
D97IN492
16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9
VBOOT HVG OUT N.C. VS LVG GND EN2
THERMAL DATA
Symbol Rth j-amb Parameter Thermal Resistance Junction to ambient Max. DIP16 80 SO16N 120 Unit C/W
PIN DESCRIPTION
N 1 Pin CPRE Function Preheat Timing Capacitor. The capacitor CPRE sets the preheating and the frequency shift time, according to the relations: tPRE = KPRE · CPRE and tSH = KFS · CPRE (typ. KPRE = 1.5s/F, KFS = 0.15s/F). This feature is obtained by charging CPRE with two different currents. During tPRE this current is independent of the external components, so CPRE is charged up to 3.5V (preheat timing comparator threshold). During tSH the current depends on RPRE value (i.e. on the difference between fPRE and fIGN). In this way tSH is always set at 0.1tPRE. In steady state the voltage at pin 1 is 5V. Maximum Oscillation Frequency Setting. The resistance connected between this pin and ground sets the fPRE value, fixing the difference between fPRE and fIGN (fPRE > fIGN). At the end of the Start-up procedure, the effect current drown from RPRE is over. The voltage at this pin is fixed at VREF =2V. Oscillator Frequency Setting. The capacitor CF, along with to RPRE and RIGN, sets fPRE and fING. In normal operation this pin shows a triangular wave. Minimum Oscillation Frequency Setting. The resistance connected between this pin and ground sets the fIGN value. The voltage at this pin is fixed at VREF =2V. Out of the operational amplifier. To implement a feedback control loop this pin can be connected to the RIGN pin by means an appropriate circuitry. Inverting Input of the operational amplifier. Non Inverting Input of the operational amplifier. Enable 1. This pin (active high), forces the device in a latched shutdown state (like in the under voltage conditions). There are two ways to resume normal operation: the first is to reduce the supply voltage below the undervoltage threshold and then increase it again until the valid supply is recognised. the second is activating EN2 input. The enable 1 is especially designed for strong fault (e.g. in case of lamp disconnection).
2
RPRE
3 4 5 6 7 8
CF RIGN OPout OPinOPin+ EN1
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L 6574
PIN DESCRIPTION (continued)
N 9 10 11 Pin EN2 GND LVG Function Enable 2. EN2 input (active high) restarts the start-up procedure (preheating and ignition sequence). This features is useful if the lamp does not turn-on after the first ignition sequence . Ground. Low Side Driver Output. This pin must be connected to the low side power MOSFET gate of the half bridge. A resistor connected between this pin and the power MOS gate can be used to reduce the peak current. Supply Voltage. This pin, connected to the supply filter capacitor, is internally clamped (15.6V typical). Non Connected. This pin set a distance between the pins related to the HV and those related to the LV side. High Side Driver Floating Reference. This pin must be connected close to the source of the high side power MOS or IGBT. High Side Driver Output. This pin must be connected to the high side power MOSFET gate of the half bridge. A resistor connected between this pin and the power MOS gate can be used to reduce the peak current. Bootstrapped Supply Voltage. Between this pin and VS must be connected the bootstrap capacitor. A patented integrated circuitry replaces the external bootstrap diode, by means of a high voltage DMOS, synchronously driven with the low side power MOSFET.
12 13 14 15
VS N.C. OUT HVG
16
VBOOT
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Symbol IS VLVG VOUT VHVG VBOOT dVBOOT/dt dVOUT/dt Vir Vic VEN1, VEN2 IEN1, IEN2 Vopc Vopd Vopo Tstg, Tj Tamb Supply Current (*) Low Side Output High Side Reference High Side Output Floating Supply Voltage VBOOT pin Slew rate (repetitive) OUT pin Slew Rate (repetitive) Forced Input Voltage (pins Ring, Rpre) Forced Input Voltage (pins Cpre, Cf) Enable Input Voltage Enable Input Current Sense Op Amp Common Mode Range Sense Op Amp Differential Mode Range Sense Op Amp Output Voltage (forced) Storage Temperature Ambient Temperature Parameter Value 25 -0.3 to Vs +0.3 -1 to VBOOT -18 -1 to VBOOT -1 to 618 50 50 -0.3 to 5 -0.3 to 5 -0.3 to 5 3 -0.3 to 5 5 4.6 -40 to +150 -40 to +125 Unit mA V V V V V/ns V/ns V V V mA V V V C C
(*) The device has an internal Clamping Zener between GND and the VCC pin, it must not be supplied by a Low Impedance Voltage Source. Note: ESD immunity for pins 14, 15 and 16 is guaranteed up to 900V (Human Body Model)
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L6574
REC OMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
Symbol VS VOUT (*) VBOOT (*) Supply Voltage High Side Reference Floating Supply Voltage Parameter Value 10 to VCL -1 to VBOOT-VCL 500 Unit V V V
(*) If the condition Vboot - Vout < 18 is guaranteed, Vout can range from -3 to 580V.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTCS (VS = 12V; VBOOT-VOUT = 12V; Tamb = 25C)
Symbol Pin Parameter Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit Supply Voltage Vsuvp Vsuvn Vsuvh Vcl Isu Iq 12 Vs Turn On Threshold Vs Turn Off Threshold Supply Voltage Under Voltage Hysteresys Supply Voltage Clamping Start Up Current Quiescent Current, fout = 60kHz, no load. VS < Vsuvn VS > Vsupv 2 14.6 9.5 7.3 10.2 8 2.2 15.6 16.6 2 50 10.9 8.7 V V V V A mA
High voltage Section Ibootleak Ioutleak 16 14 BOOT pin leakage current OUT pin Leakage Current VBOOT = 580V VOUT = 562V 5 5 A A
High/Low Side Drivers Ihvgso Ihvgsi Ihvgso Ilvgsi trise tfall Oscillator 15 15 11 11 15, 11 High Side Driver Source Current High Side Driver Sink Current Low Side Drive Source Current Low Side Drive Source Current Low/High Side Output Rise Time Low/High Side Output Fall Time VHVG-VOUT = 0 VHVG-VBOOT = 0 VLVG-GND = 0 VLVG-VS = 0 Cload = 1nF Cload = 1nF 170 300 170 300 250 450 250 450 80 50 120 80 mA mA mA mA ns ns
DC
fing fpre
14 14 14
Output Duty Cycle Minimum Output Oscillation Frequency Maximum Output Oscillation Frequency Voltage to current converters threshold Reference Current Dead Time between Low and High Side Conduction CF = 470pF; Ring = 50k CF = 470pF; Ring = 50k; Rpre = 47k
48 58.2 114
50 60 120
52 61.8 126
% kHz kHz
Vref IVref td
2,4 2,4 14
1.9 0 0.8
2
2.1 120
V A s
1.25
1.7
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L 6574
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTCS (continued) (VS = 12V; VBOOT-VOUT = 12V; Tamb = 25C)
Symbol Pin Parameter Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit s/F s/F V Timing Section kpre kfs Vthpre Sense OP AMP lib V io Rout Iout + Iout Vic GBW Gdc Comparators Vthe Vhye tpulse 8,9 Enabling Comparators Threshold Enabling Comparators Hysteresis Minimum Pulse lenght 0.56 20 200 0.6 0.64 100 V mV ns 6,7 5 6,7 Input Bias current Input Offset Voltage Ouput Resistance Sink Output Current Source Output Current Common Mode Input Range Sense Op Amp Gain Band Width Product DC Open Loop Gain Vout = 0.2V Vout = 4.5V -10 200 0.5 0.5 -0.2 1 80 3 0.1 10 300 A mV mA mA V MHz dB 1 Pre Heat Timing constant Frequency Shift Timing Constant Pre Heat Timing Comparator Threshold Cpre = 330nF Cpre = 330nF 1.15 0.115 3.3 1.5 0.15 3.5 1.85 0.185 3.7
High/Low Side Driving Section: High and low side driving sections provide the proper drive to the external power MOSFET. A high sink/ source driving current (450/250 mA typical) ensures fast switching times when a size 4 external power MOSFET needs to be driven. Bootstrap Section: A patented integrated bootstrap section replaces an external bootstrap diode. This section together with a bootstrap capacitor provides the bootstrap voltage to drive the high side power MOSFET. This function is achieved using a high voltage DMOS driver which is driven synchronously with the low side external power MOSFET. For a safe operation, current flow into the Vboot pin is inhibited, even though ZVS operation may not be ens ured. Timing Section: To set the proper preheat time (tpre=kpre*Cpre) for the bulb, a capacitor is connected to the Cpre pin which is charged with a fixed current. During tpre, the output is switching at fpre (see Oscillator Section). When the tpre expires, the Cpre capacitor is discharged and then recharged with a different current. This sets a second time interval tsh (0.1 times the selected preheat time tpre) during which frequency shifting from fpre to fing is performed to ensure lamp ignition.
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L6574
Oscillator Section: A voltage controlled oscillator, with the selected frequencies fpre and fing, drives the output half bridge. Independently selected, fpre is effective during tpre and fing is effective during normal lamp burning. When working open loop, fpre and fing are the highest and lowest allowed oscillation frequencies. Closed loop control of the lamp current under normal operation can be achieved with the L6574. This is accomplished by automatic adjustment of the oscillator frequency. The OP AMP output is fed through a resistor diode network to the Ring pin. See AN 993. OP AMP Section: The integrated OP AMP offers low output impedance, wide bandwidth, high input impedance and wide common mode range. It can be readily used to implement closed loop control (see Oscillator Section) of the lamp current. EN1, EN2 Comparators: Two CMOS comparators, with thresholds set at 0.6 V (typical) are available to implement protection methods (such as overvoltage, lamp removal, etc.). Short pulses (>200nsec) at the comparator inputs are recognized. The EN1 input (active high) forces the L6574 in the shut down state (e.g. LVG low, HVG low, oscillator stopped) in the event of an undervoltage condition. Normal operating condition is resumed after a poweroff power-on sequence or when EN2 input is high. The EN2 input (active high) also restarts a preheat sequence (see timing diagrams). TIMING DIAGRAMS
VSUVP
VCC
LVG
HVG
EN1
D97IN490
VCC
VSUVP
fOUT
fPRE
fING
EN2
D97IN491B
tPRE
tSH
tPRE
tSH
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L 6574
Figure 1. fING vs. RING.
fING (KHz)
D98IN867
Figure 4. f vs. RPRE, with R ING = 100k
f (KHz)
RING=100K
D98IN870
100
100
80
80
60
60
40
40
20 20 40 60 80 100 RING(K)
20 20 40 60 80
100 RPRE(KH)
Figure 2. f vs. RPRE, with R ING = 33k
f (KHz)
RING=33K
D98IN868
Figure 5. fING vs. temperature.
fING (KHz)
D98IN871
80
70
60
60
40
50
20 20 40 60 80
100 RPRE(K)
40 -50
0
50
100
T(C)
Figure 3. f vs. RPRE, with R ING = 50k
f (KHz)
RING=50K
D98IN869
Figure 6. fPRE vs. temperature.
fPRE (KHz)
D98IN872
100 130 80 120 60 110 40
20 20 40 60 80
100 RPRE(K)
100 -50 0 50 100 T(C)
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L6574
DIM. MIN. A a1 a2 b b1 C c1 D (1) E e e3 F (1) G L M S 3.8 4.6 0.4 9.8 5.8 0.35 0.19 0.1
mm TYP. MAX. 1.75 0.25 1.6 0.46 0.25 0.5 45 (typ.) 10 6.2 1.27 8.89 4 5.3 1.27 0.62 8(max.) 0.150 0.181 0.016 0.386 0.228 0.014 0.007 0.004 MIN.
inch TYP. MAX. 0.069 0.009 0.063 0.018 0.010 0.020
OUTLINE AND MECHANICAL DATA
Weight: 0.20gr
0.394 0.244 0.050 0.350 0.157 0.209 0.050 0.024
SO16 Narrow
(1) D and F do not include mold flash or protrusions. Mold flash or potrusions shall not exceed 0.15mm (.006inch).
0016020
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L 6574
DIM. MIN. a1 B b b1 D E e e3 F I L Z 0.51 0.77
mm TYP. MAX. MIN. 0.020 1.65 0.5 0.25 20 8.5 2.54 17.78 7.1 5.1 3.3 1.27 0.030
inch TYP. MAX.
OUTLINE AND MECHANICAL DATA
0.065 0.020 0.010 0.787 0.335 0.100 0.700 0.280 0.201 0.130
DIP16
0.050
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L6574
Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of STMicroelectronics. The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics. All other names are the property of their respective owners 2003 STMicroelectronics - All rights reserved STMicroelectronics GROUP OF COMPANIES Australia - Belgium - Brazil - Canada - China - Czech Republic - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Israel - Italy - Japan Malaysia - Malta - Morocco - Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - United States www.st.com
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