A CS T 8
OVER VOLTAGE PROTECTED AC POWER SWITCH
ASDTM (AC Switch Family)
MAIN APPLICATIONS
AC static switching in appliance & industrial control systems Washing machine with bi-rotational induction motor drive Induction motor drive for: - refrigerator / freezer compressor - air conditioning compressor
OUT
G OUT COM
G OUT COM
FEATURES
VDRM /VRRM = +/- 800V Avalanche controlled device IT(RMS) = 8A with TCASE = 90 C High noise immunity: static dV/dt > 750 V/s Gate triggering current : IGT < 30 mA Snubberless turn off commutation: (dI/dt)c > 4.5A/ms
TO-220FPAB ACST8-8CFP
OUT
TO-220AB ACST8-8CT
G COM
BENEFITS
D PAK ACST8-8CG
2
Enables equipment to meet EN61000-4-5 standard High off-state reliability with planar technology Need no external overvoltage protection Reduces the power component count
Table 1: Order Codes Part Number ACST8-8CFP ACST8-8CT
Marking ACST88C
DESCRIPTION The ACST8-8C belongs to the AC power switch family built around the ASDTM technology. This high performance device is adapted to home appliances or industrial systems and drives an induction motor up to 8A. This ACST switch embeds a triac structure with a high voltage clamping device to absorb the inductive turn off energy and withstand line transients such as those described in the IEC61000-4-5 standards.
ACST8-8CG Figure 1: Functional Diagram
OUT
G COM
TM: ASD is a trademark of STMicroelectronics.
November 2004
REV. 6
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Table 2: Absolute Ratings (limiting values) Symbol IT(RMS) ITSM I2t dI/dt VPP Tstg Tj Tl Parameter TO-220FPAB RMS on-state current full cycle sine TO-220AB / wave 50 to 60 Hz D2PAK Non repetitive surge peak on-state current Tj initial = 25C, full cycle sine wave Thermal constraint for fuse selection Non repetitive on-state current critical rate of rise IG = 10mA (tr < 100ns) Non repetitive line peak pulse voltage Storage temperature range Operating junction temperature range Maximum lead soldering temperature during 10s Tcase = 90C Tcase = 100C tp = 20ms tp = 16.7ms tp = 10ms Rate period > 1mn note 1 Value 8 8 80 85 35 100 2 - 40 to + 150 - 40 to + 125 260 Unit A A A A 2s A/s kV C C C
Note 1: according to test described by IEC61000-4-5 standard & figure A.
Table 3: Gate Characteristics (maximum values) Symbol Parameter Average gate power dissipation PG (AV) PGM Peak gate power dissipation (tp = 20s) Peak gate current (tp = 20s) IGM Table 4: Thermal Resistance Symbol Rth(j-a) Rth(j-a) Rth(j-c) Rth(j-c) Parameter
Value 0.1 10 1
Unit W W A
Value 60 45 3.5 2.5
Unit C/W C/W C/W C/W
TO-220FPAB Junction to ambient TO-220AB 2 copper pad) D2PAK Junction to ambien (soldered on 1 cm Junction to case for full cycle sine wave conduction TO-220FPAB TO-220AB Junction to case for full cycle sine wave conduction 2 D PAK
Table 5: Parameter Description Parameter Symbol IGT Gate triggering current VGT Gate triggering voltage VGD IH IL VTM VT0 Rd IDRM / IRRM dV/dt (dI/dt)c VCL Non triggering voltage Holding current Latching current On state voltage
Parameter description
On state characteristic threshold voltage On state characteristic dynamic resistance Forward or reverse leakage current Static pin OUT voltage rise Turn off current rate of decay Avalanche voltage at turn off
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Table 6: Electrical Characteristics per Switch For either positive or negative polary of pin OUT voltage respect to pin COM voltage Symbol VDRM/ V RRM IGT VGT VGD IH IL VTM VT0 Rd I D RM / IRRM dV/dt (dI/dt)c VCL VOUT = VDRM VOUT = VRRM VOUT = 550V Without snubber ICL = 1mA tp = 1ms gate open Test conditions Repetitive peak off-state voltage VOUT = 12V (DC) RL = 33 VOUT = 12V (DC) RL = 33 VOUT = VDRM IOUT = 100mA IG = 20mA IOUT = 11A tp = 380s RL = 3.3k Gate open Tj = 25C Tj = 25C Tj = 125C Tj = 25C Tj = 25C Tj = 25C Tj = 125C Tj = 125C Tj = 25C Tj = 125C Tj = 125C Tj = 125C Tj = 25C MAX. MAX. MAX. MIN. MAX. MAX. MAX. MAX. MAX. MAX. MAX. MIN. MIN. TYP. Values 800 30 1.5 0.2 40 70 1.5 0.95 50 10 1 750 4.5 1200 Unit V mA V V mA mA V V m A mA V/s A/ms V
1. AC LINE SWITCH BASIC APPLICATION The ACST8-8C device is especially designed to drive medium power induction motors in washing machines, refrigerators, dish washers, and tumble dryers. Pin COM Pin G Pin OUT : Common drive reference, to be connected to the power line neutral : Switch Gate input to be connected to the controller : Switch Output to be connected to the load
When driven from a low voltage controller, the ACST switch is triggered with a negative gate current flowing out of the gate pin G. It can be driven by the controller through a resistor as shown on the typical application diagram. In appliance systems, the ACST8-8C switch intends to drive medium power load in ON / OFF full cycle or phase angle control mode. Thanks to its thermal and turn-off commutation characteristics, the ACST8-8C switch is able to drive an inductive load up to 8A without a turn-off aid snubber circuit. In washing machine or drier appliances, the tumble rotates in both directions. When using bidirectional phase shift induction motor, two switches are connected on each side of the phase shift capacitor: in steady-state operation, one switch only conducts energising the coils and defining the tumble direction.
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Figure 2: Typical Application Diagram
OUT
G COM
CONTROL UNIT
2. ROBUSTNESS AGAINST FAST CAPACITOR DISCHARGE When parasitic transients or controller mis-operation occur, the blocked switch may turn on by spurious switch firing. Since the phase shift capacitor is charged, its energy is instantaneously dissipated through the two ACSTs which can be destroyed. To prevent such a failure, a resistive inductive circuit R-L is added in series with the phase shift capacitor. The dI/dt depends on the maximal voltage Vmax of the phase shift capacitor (700V on 240V mains applications), and on the inductance L: vm a x dl
L dt The total switch turn on di/dt is the sum of the di/dt created by any RC noise suppressor discharge and the dI/dt created by the motor capacitor discharge. Since the maximal dI/dt capability at turn-on of the ACST8 is 100A/s, the motor capacitor di/dt is assumed to be less than 50A/s; therefore, the inductance should be 14H. The resistor R limits the surge current through the ACST8 during the capacitor discharge according to the specified curve ITSM = f (tp) as shown in figure 11 (to be issued), and 1.2 is low enough to limit the resistor dissipation (usually less than 1 W). Finally both the 14H inductance and the 1.2 resistance provide a safety margin of two on the surge current ITSM described in figure 11.
---- = ----------
M
VAC C L R
Fast capacitor discharge when one ACST switch turns on (T2) and the motor runs (T1 ON).
700V T1 ON T2
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3. AC LINE TRANSIENT VOLTAGE RUGGEDNESS The ACST8-8C switch is able to safely withstand the AC line transient voltages either by clamping the low energy spikes or by breaking over under high energy shocks. The test circuit in figure 3 is representative of the ACST application and is used to test the ACST switch according to the IEC61000-4-5 standard conditions. Thanks to the load impedance, the ACST switch withstands voltage spikes up to 2 kV above the peak line voltage by breaking over safely. Such non repetitive testing can be done 10 times on each AC line voltage polarity. Figure 3: Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for resistive and inductive loads according to IEC61000-4-5 standard R = 47, L = 10H & VPP = 2kV
R
L
OUT
SURGE VOLTAGE AC LINE & GENERATOR
VAC + V PP
G COM
Figure 4: Maximum power dissipation versus RMS on-state current
P(W)
11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
180
=180
Figure 5: RMS on-state current versus case temperature
IT(RMS)(A)
9
TO-220AB/D PAK
2
8 7 6 5 4 3
TO-220FPAB
2 1 0 0 25 50 75 100 125
=180
IT(RMS)(A)
TC(C)
Figure 6: RMS on-state current versus ambient temperature
IT(RMS)(A)
3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 0 25 50
=180 Printed circuit board FR4 Natural convection
Figure 7: Relative variation of thermal impedance versus pulse duration (TO-220FPAB)
K=[Zth/Rth]
1.E+00
Zth(j-c)
D2PAK
1.E-01
Zth(j-a)
TO-220FPAB/TO-220AB
1.E-02
Tamb(C)
75 100 125
tp(C)
1.E-03 1.E-03 1.E-02 1.E-01 1.E+00 1.E+01
TO-220FPAB
1.E+02
1.E+03
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Figure 8: Relative variation of thermal impedance versus pulse duration (TO-220AB / D2PAK)
K=[Zth/Rth]
1.E+00
Zth(j-c)
Tj=25C Tj=125C
Figure 9: On-state characteristics (maximum values)
Iout(A)
100
1.E-01
Zth(j-a)
10
TO-220AB/D PAK
2
tp(C)
1.E-02 1.E-03 1.E-02 1.E-01 1.E+00 1.E+01 1.E+02 1.E+03
1 0 1 2
tp(C)
3 4
Tj max. : Vto = 0.95 V Rd = 50 m
5
6
Figure 10: Surge peak on-state current versus number of cycles
ITSM(A)
90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1 10 100 1000
Repetitive Tc=90C Non repetitive Tj initial=25C t=20ms
Figure 11: Non repetitive surge peak on-state current for a sinusoidal pulse with width tp < 10ms, and corresponding value of I2t
ITSM(A), I t (A s)
1000
Tj initial=25C
2 2
dI/dt limitation: 100A/s ITSM
100
I2t
Number of cycles
10 0.01 0.10
tp(ms)
1.00 10.00
Figure 12: Relative variation of gate trigger current, holding current and latching current versus junction temperature (typical values)
IGT, IH,IL[Tj/IGT, IH, IL[Tj=25C]
3.0 2.5
IGT & IH
Figure 13: Relative variation of critical rate of decrease of main current versus reapplied dV/ dt (typical values)
(dI/dt)c[(dV/dt)c] / Specified (dI/dt)c
5
4
2.0
3
1.5
IL
2
1.0 0.5
1
Tj(C)
0.0 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130
0 0.1 1.0
dV/dt(V/s)
10.0 100.0
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Figure 14: Relative variation of critical rate of decrease of main current versus junction temperature
(dI/dt)c[Tj] / (dI/dt)c[Tj=125C]
6
Figure 15: Relative variation of static dV/dt versus junction temperature
dV/dt[Tj] / dV/dt[Tj=125C]
Vout =550V
3.5 3.0 2.5
5
4
2.0
3
1.5
2
1.0 0.5
1
Tj(C)
0 0 25 50 75 100 125
0.0 0 25 50
Tj(C)
75 100 125
Figure 16: Surge peak on-state current versus number of cycles
Rth(j-a)(C/W)
80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
S(Cu)(cm²)
Figure 17: Ordering Information Scheme
ACS T 8 - 8 C FP
AC Switch Topology T = Triac RMS on-state current 8 = 8A Repetitive peak off-state voltage 8 = 800V Triggering gate current C = 30mA Package FP = TO-220FPAB CT = TO-220AB CG = D2PAK
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Figure 18: TO-220AB Package Mechanical Data REF.
H2 Dia L5 C A
L7 L6
L2 F2 F1 L9 L4 F G1 G M E D
A B D E F F1 F2 G G1 H2 L2 L4 L5 L6 L7 L9 M Diam.
DIMENSIONS Millimeters Inches Min. Max. Min. Max. 4.40 4.60 0.173 0.181 1.23 1.32 0.048 0.051 2.40 2.72 0.094 0.107 0.49 0.70 0.019 0.027 0.61 0.88 0.024 0.034 1.14 1.70 0.044 0.066 1.14 1.70 0.044 0.066 4.95 5.15 0.194 0.202 2.40 2.70 0.094 0.106 10 10.40 0.393 0.409 16.4 typ. 0.645 typ. 13 14 0.511 0.551 2.65 2.95 0.104 0.116 15.25 15.75 0.600 0.620 6.20 6.60 0.244 0.259 3.50 3.93 0.137 0.154 2.6 typ. 0.102 typ. 3.75 3.85 0.147 0.151
Figure 19: TO-220FPAB Package Mechanical Data REF.
A H B
Dia L6 L2 L3 L5 D F1 L4 F2 L7
F G1 G
E
A B D E F F1 F2 G G1 H L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 L7 Dia.
DIMENSIONS Millimeters Inches Min. Max. Min. Max. 4.4 4.6 0.173 0.181 2.5 2.7 0.098 0.106 2.5 2.75 0.098 0.108 0.45 0.70 0.018 0.027 0.75 1 0.030 0.039 1.15 1.70 0.045 0.067 1.15 1.70 0.045 0.067 4.95 5.20 0.195 0.205 2.4 2.7 0.094 0.106 10 10.4 0.393 0.409 16 Typ. 0.63 Typ. 28.6 30.6 1.126 1.205 9.8 10.6 0.386 0.417 2.9 3.6 0.114 0.142 15.9 16.4 0.626 0.646 9.00 9.30 0.354 0.366 3.00 3.20 0.118 0.126
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Figure 20: D2PAK Package Mechanical Data REF.
A E L2 C2
D L L3 A1 B2 B G A2 C R
M
*
V2
* FLA ZONE NO LESSTHAN 2mm T
A A1 A2 B B2 C C2 D E G L L2 L3 M R
DIMENSIONS Millimeters Inches Min. Max. Min. Max. 4.40 4.60 0.173 0.181 2.49 2.69 0.098 0.106 0.03 0.23 0.001 0.009 0.70 0.93 0.027 0.037 1.14 1.70 0.045 0.067 0.45 0.60 0.017 0.024 1.23 1.36 0.048 0.054 8.95 9.35 0.352 0.368 10.00 10.40 0.393 0.409 4.88 5.28 0.192 0.208 15.00 15.85 0.590 0.624 1.27 1.40 0.050 0.055 1.40 1.75 0.055 0.069 2.40 3.20 0.094 0.126 0.40 typ. 0.016 typ.
Figure 21: Foot Print Dimensions (in millimeters)
16 .9 0
10.30 1.3 0
5.08
3.70 8.90
Table 7: Ordering Information Part Number ACST8-8CFP ACST8-8CT ACST8-8CG ACST8-8CG-TR
Marking
Package TO-220FPAB TO-220AB D2PAK
Weight 2.4 g 2.3 g 1.5 g
Base qty 50 50 50 500
Delivery mode Tube Tube Tube Tape & reel
ACST88C
Epoxy meets UL94, V0
Table 8: Revision History Date Jan-2002 08-Nov-2004 24-Nov-2004 Revision 4B 5 6 Last update. TO-220AB and D2PAK packages added. Table 6 page 3 : IGT parameter added Description of Changes
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Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of STMicroelectronics. The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics. All other names are the property of their respective owners 2004 STMicroelectronics - All rights reserved STMicroelectronics group of companies Australia - Belgium - Brazil - Canada - China - Czech Republic - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Israel - Italy - Japan Malaysia - Malta - Morocco - Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - United States of America www.st.com
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