Both fixed-frequency (FF) and quasi-resonant (QR) operation are supported. The user can choose either of the two depending on application needs. The device features an externally programmable oscillator: it defines the converter switching frequency in FF mode and the maximum allowed switching frequency in QR mode.
When FF operation is selected, the ICs work as a standard current-mode controller with a maximum duty cycle limited to 70% min. The oscillator frequency can be modulated to mitigate EMI emissions.
QR operation, when selected, occurs at heavy load and is achieved through a transformer demagnetization sensing input that triggers MOSFET turn-on. Under some conditions, ZVS (zero-voltage switching) can be achieved. The converter’s power capability rise with the mains voltage is compensated by line voltage feedforward. At medium and light load, as the QR operating frequency equals the oscillator frequency, a function (valley skipping) is activated to prevent further frequency rise and keep the operation as close to ZVS as possible.
With either FF or QR operation, at very light load the ICs enter a controlled burst-mode operation that, along with the built-in, non-dissipative, high-voltage startup circuit and the low quiescent current, helps keep the consumption from the mains low and meet energy saving recommendations.
An innovative adaptive UVLO helps minimize the issues related to the fluctuations of the self-supply voltage due to transformer parasites.
The protection functions included in this device are: not-latched input undervoltage (brownout), output OVP (auto-restart or latch-mode selectable), a first-level OCP with delayed shutdown to protect the system during overload or short-circuit conditions (auto-restart or latch-mode selectable), and a second-level OCP that is invoked when the transformer saturates or there is a short-circuit of the secondary diode. A latched disable input allows easy implementation of OTP with an external NTC, while an internal shutdown prevents IC overheating.
Programmable soft-start, leading-edge blanking on the current sense input for greater noise immunity, slope compensation (in FF mode only), and a shutdown function for externally controlled burst-mode operation or remote ON/OFF control complete the features of this device.