L78MxxC
Positive voltage regulators
Features
Output current to 0.5 A Output voltages of 5; 6; 8; 9; 12; 15; 24 V Thermal overload protection Short circuit protection Output transition SOA protection
TO-220 TO-220FP
Description
The L78MxxC series of three-terminal positive regulators is available in TO-220, TO-220FP, DPAK and IPAK packages and with several fixed output voltages, making it useful in a wide range of applications. These regulators can provide local on-card regulation, eliminating the distribution problems associated with single point regulation. Each type employs internal current limiting, thermal shutdown and safe area protection, making it essentially indestructible. If adequate heat sinking is provided, they can deliver over 0.5 A output current. Although designed primarily as fixed voltage regulators, these devices can be used with external components to obtain adjustable voltage and currents. Table 1. Device summary
Order codes Part numbers TO-220 L78M05C L78M06C L78M08C L78M09C L78M12C L78M15C L78M24C
1. Available on request
DPAK
IPAK
TO-220FP L78M05CP
DPAK L78M05CDT-TR L78M06CDT-TR
IPAK L78M05CDT-1 L78M06CDT-1
(1)
Output voltages 5V 6V 8V 9V 12 V 15 V
L78M05CV
L78M08CV L78M09CV L78M12CV L78M15CV L78M24CV L78M24CP (1)
L78M08CDT-TR L78M09CDT-TR L78M12CDT-TR L78M15CDT-TR L78M24CDT-TR
L78M08CDT-1 (1) L78M09CDT-1 (1)
L78M24CDT-1 (1)
24 V
June 2010
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Contents
L78MxxC
Contents
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Pin configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Test circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Typical performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Package mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
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L78MxxC
Diagram
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Figure 1.
Diagram
Block diagram
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Pin configuration
L78MxxC
2
Figure 2.
Pin configuration
Pin connections (top view)
TO-220
TO220FP
DPAK
IPAK
Figure 3.
Schematic diagram
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L78MxxC
Maximum ratings
3
Table 2.
Symbol VI IO PD TSTG TOP
Maximum ratings
Absolute maximum ratings
Parameter DC input voltage Output current Power dissipation Storage temperature range Operating junction temperature range for VO = 5 to 18 V for VO = 20, 24 V Value 35 V 40 Internally limited Internally limited - 65 to 150 0 to 150 mA mW C C Unit
Note:
Absolute maximum ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur. Functional operation under these condition is not implied. Thermal data
Parameter Thermal resistance junction-case Thermal resistance junction-ambient TO-220 3 50 TO-220FP 5 60 DPAK 8 100 IPAK Unit C/W C/W
Table 3.
Symbol RthJC RthJA
Figure 4.
Application circuit
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Test circuits
L78MxxC
4
Figure 5.
Test circuits
DC parameter
Figure 6.
Load regulation
Figure 7.
Ripple rejection
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Electrical characteristics
5
Electrical characteristics
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 C, VI = 10 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F unless otherwise specified.
Table 4.
Symbol VO VO VO VO Id Id VO/T SVR eN Vd Isc
Electrical characteristics of L78M05C
Parameter Output voltage Output voltage Line regulation IO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 7 to 20 V VI = 7 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA VI = 8 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA Load regulation Quiescent current Quiescent current change Output voltage drift Supply voltage rejection Output noise voltage Dropout voltage Shor t circuit current VI = 35 V IO = 5 to 350 mA IO = 200 mA, VI = 8 to 25 V IO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125 C VI = 8 to 18 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz 62 40 2 300 -0.5 IO = 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25 C IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25 C Test conditions Min. 4.8 4.75 Typ. 5 5 Max. 5.2 5.25 100 mV 50 100 mV 50 6 0.5 mA 0.8 mV/C dB V V mA mA Unit V V
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Electrical characteristics
L78MxxC
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 C, VI = 11 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F unless otherwise specified. Table 5.
Symbol VO VO VO VO Id Id VO/T SVR eN Vd Isc
Electrical characteristics of L78M06C
Parameter Output voltage Output voltage Line regulation IO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 8 to 21 V VI = 8 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA VI = 9 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA Load regulation Quiescent current Quiescent current change Output voltage drift Supply voltage rejection Output noise voltage Dropout voltage Shor t circuit current VI = 35 V IO = 5 to 350 mA IO = 200 mA, VI = 9 to 25 V IO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125 C VI = 9 to 19 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz 59 45 2 270 -0.5 IO = 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25 C IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25 C Test conditions Min. 5.75 5.7 Typ. 6 6 Max. 6.25 6.3 100 mV 50 120 mV 60 6 0.5 mA 0.8 mV/C dB V V mA mA Unit V V
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 C, VI = 14 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F unless otherwise specified. Table 6.
Symbol VO VO VO VO Id Id VO/T SVR eN Vd Isc 8/30
Electrical characteristics of L78M08C
Parameter Output voltage Output voltage Line regulation IO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 10.5 to 23 V VI = 10.5 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA VI = 11 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA Load regulation Quiescent current Quiescent current change Output voltage drift Supply voltage rejection Output noise voltage Dropout voltage Shor t circuit current VI = 35 V Doc ID 2146 Rev 14 IO = 5 to 350 mA IO = 200 mA, VI = 10.5 to 25 V IO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125 C VI = 11.5 to 21.5 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz 56 52 2 250 -0.5 IO = 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25 C IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25 C Test conditions Min. 7.7 7.6 Typ. 8 8 Max. 8.3 8.4 100 mV 50 160 mV 80 6 0.5 mA 0.8 mV/C dB V V mA mA Unit V V
L78MxxC
Electrical characteristics Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 C, VI = 15 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F unless otherwise specified.
Table 7.
Symbol VO VO VO VO Id Id VO/T SVR eN Vd Isc
Electrical characteristics of L78M09C
Parameter Output voltage Output voltage Line regulation IO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 11.5 to 24 V VI = 11.5 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA VI = 12 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA Load regulation Quiescent current Quiescent current change Output voltage drift Supply voltage rejection Output noise voltage Dropout voltage Shor t circuit current VI = 35 V IO = 5 to 350 mA IO = 200 mA, VI = 11.5 to 25 V IO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125 C VI = 12.5 to 23 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz 56 58 2 250 -0.5 IO = 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25 C IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25 C Test conditions Min. 8.65 8.55 Typ. 9 9 Max. 9.35 9.45 100 mV 50 180 mV 90 6 0.5 mA 0.8 mV/C dB V V mA mA Unit V V
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 C, VI = 19 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F unless otherwise specified. Table 8.
Symbol VO VO VO VO Id Id VO/T SVR eN Vd Isc
Electrical characteristics of L78M12C
Parameter Output voltage Output voltage Line regulation IO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 14.5 to 27 V VI = 14.5 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA VI = 16 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA Load regulation Quiescent current Quiescent current change Output voltage drift Supply voltage rejection Output noise voltage Dropout voltage Shor t circuit current VI = 35 V Doc ID 2146 Rev 14 IO = 5 to 350 mA IO = 200 mA, VI = 14.5 to 30 V IO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125 C VI = 15 to 25 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz 55 75 2 240 -1 IO = 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25 C IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25 C Test conditions Min. 11.5 11.4 Typ. 12 12 Max. 12.5 12.6 100 mV 50 240 mV 120 6 0.5 mA 0.8 mV/C dB V V mA 9/30 mA Unit V V
Electrical characteristics
L78MxxC
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 C, VI = 23 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F unless otherwise specified. Table 9.
Symbol VO VO VO VO Id Id VO/T SVR eN Vd Isc
Electrical characteristics of L78M15C
Parameter Output voltage Output voltage Line regulation IO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 17.5 to 30 V VI = 17.5 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA VI = 20 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA Load regulation Quiescent current Quiescent current change Output voltage drift Supply voltage rejection Output noise voltage Dropout voltage Shor t circuit current VI = 35 V IO = 5 to 350 mA IO = 200 mA, VI = 17.5 to 30 V IO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125 C VI = 18.5 to 28.5 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz 54 90 2 240 -1 IO = 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25 C IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25 C Test conditions Min. 14.4 14.25 Typ. 15 15 Max. 15.6 15.75 100 mV 50 300 mV 150 6 0.5 mA 0.8 mV/C dB V V mA mA Unit V V
Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 C, VI = 23 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F unless otherwise specified. Table 10.
Symbol VO VO VO VO Id Id VO/T SVR eN Vd Isc 10/30
Electrical characteristics of L78M24C
Parameter Output voltage Output voltage Line regulation IO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 27 to 38 V VI = 27 to 38 V, IO = 200 mA VI = 28 to 38 V, IO = 200 mA Load regulation Quiescent current Quiescent current change Output voltage drift Supply voltage rejection Output noise voltage Dropout voltage Shor t circuit current VI = 35 V Doc ID 2146 Rev 14 IO = 5 to 350 mA IO = 200 mA, VI = 27 to 38 V IO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125 C VI = 28 to 38 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz 50 170 2 240 -1.2 IO = 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25 C IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25 C Test conditions Min. 23 22.8 Typ. 24 24 Max. 25 25.2 100 mV 50 480 mV 240 6 0.5 mA 0.8 mV/C dB V V mA mA Unit V V
L78MxxC
Typical performance
6
Figure 8.
Typical performance
Dropout voltage vs. junction temp. Figure 9. Dropout characteristics
Figure 10. Peak output current vs. inputoutput differential voltage
Figure 11. Output voltage vs. junction temperature
Figure 12. Supply voltage rejection vs. frequency
Figure 13. Quiescent current vs. junction temperature
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Typical performance
L78MxxC
Figure 14. Load transient response
Figure 15. Line transient response
Figure 16. Quiescent current vs. input voltage
Figure 17. Fixed output regulator
1. To specify an output voltage, substitute voltage value for "XX". 2. Although no output capacitor is need for stability, it does improve transient response. 3. Required if regulator is locate an appreciable distance from power supply filter.
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Typical performance
Figure 18. Constant current regulator
IO = VXX/R1+Id
Figure 19. Circuit for increasing output voltage
IR1 5 Id VO = VXX(1+R2/R1)+IdR2
Figure 20. Adjustable output regulator (7 to 30 V)
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Typical performance
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Figure 21. 0.5 to 10 V regulator
VO=VXXR4/R1
Figure 22. High current voltage regulator
VBEQ1 R1 = ______________ IREQ-(IQ1/bQ1) VBEQ1 IO = IREG + Q1 (IREG ______) R1
Figure 23. High output current with short circuit protection
RSC=VBEQ2/ISC
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Typical performance
Figure 24. Tracking voltage regulator
Figure 25. High input voltage circuit
VIN = VI - (VZ + VBE)
Figure 26. Reducing power dissipation with dropping resistor
VI(min)-VXX-VDROP(max) R = ____________________ IO(max)+Id(max)
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Typical performance
L78MxxC
Figure 27. Power AM modulator (unity voltage gain, IO 0.5)
Note:
The circuit performs well up to 100 kHz.
Figure 28. Adjustable output voltage with temperature compensation
VO = VXX (1+R2/R1) + VBE
Note:
Q2 is connected as a diode in order to compensate the variation of the Q1 VBE with the temperature. C allows a slow rise time of the VO.
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Package mechanical data
7
Package mechanical data
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of ECOPACK packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com. ECOPACK is an ST trademark.
Table 11.
TO-220 mechanical data
Type STD - ST Dual Gauge Type STD - ST Single Gauge mm. Max. 4.60 0.88 1.70 0.70 15.75 1.27 10.00 2.40 4.95 1.23 6.20 2.40 13.00 3.50 16.40 28.90 3.75 2.65 3.85 2.95 3.75 2.65 10.40 2.70 5.15 1.32 6.60 2.72 14.00 3.93 10.00 2.40 4.95 0.51 6.20 2.40 13.00 3.50 16.40 28.90 3.85 2.95 10.40 2.70 5.15 0.60 6.60 2.72 14.00 3.93 Min. 4.40 0.61 1.14 0.48 15.25 Typ. Max. 4.60 0.88 1.70 0.70 15.75
Dim. Min. A b b1 c D D1 E e e1 F H1 J1 L L1 L20 L30 P Q 4.40 0.61 1.14 0.48 15.25
mm. Typ.
In spite of some difference in tolerances, the packages are compatible.
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Package mechanical data
L78MxxC
Figure 29. Drawing dimension TO-220 (type STD-ST Dual Gauge)
0015988_S
Note:
1 2
Maximum resin gate protrusion: 0.5 mm. Resin gate position is accepted in each of the two positions shown on the drawing, or their symmetrical.
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L78MxxC
Package mechanical data
Figure 30. Drawing dimension TO-220 (type STD-ST Single Gauge)
8174627_B
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Package mechanical data
L78MxxC
Figure 31. Drawing dimension tube for TO-220 Dual Gauge (mm.)
Figure 32. Drawing dimension tube for TO-220 Single Gauge (mm.)
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Package mechanical data
TO-220FP mechanical data
Dim. A B D E F F1 F2 G G1 H L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 L7 DIA. 28.6 9.8 2.9 15.9 9 3 mm. Min. 4.40 2.5 2.5 0.45 0.75 1.15 1.15 4.95 2.4 10.0 16 30.6 10.6 3.6 16.4 9.3 3.2 1.126 0.385 0.114 0.626 0.354 0.118 Typ Max. 4.60 2.7 2.75 0.70 1 1.50 1.50 5.2 2.7 10.40 M in. 0.173 0.098 0.098 0.017 0.030 0.045 0.045 0.194 0.094 0.393 0.630 1.204 0.417 0.142 0.645 0.366 0.126 i nch. Typ. Max. 0.181 0.106 0.108 0.027 0.039 0.059 0.059 0.204 0.106 0.409
7012510A-H
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Package mechanical data
L78MxxC
Figure 33. Drawing dimension DPAK (type STD-ST)
0068772/G
Note:
1 2
Max resin gate protrusion: 0.5 mm. Max resin protrusion: 0.25 mm.
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L78MxxC
Package mechanical data
Figure 34. Drawing dimension DPAK (type FUJITSU-subcon.)
0068772/G
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Package mechanical data
L78MxxC
Figure 35. Drawing dimension DPAK (type IDS-subcon.)
0068772/G
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Package mechanical data
Table 12.
DPAK mechanical data
Type STD-ST Type FUJITSU-Subcon. mm. Max. 2.40 1.10 0.23 0.90 5.40 0.60 0.60 6.20 5.10 6.40 4.70 2.28 4.40 9.35 1.00 2.80 0.80 0.60 0.20 0 8 0 1.00 1.03 0.70 0.40 8 0 1.13 0.90 4.60 10.10 9.90 1.40 10.30 1.60 2.23 6.60 Min. 2.25 0.96 0 0.76 5.28 0.46 0.46 6.05 5.27 6.55 6.60 4.77 2.28 2.33 4.51 9.40 0.90 2.50 0.89 0.64 0.20 8 2.65 1.27 1.02 Typ. 2.30 Max. 2.35 1.06 0.10 0.86 5.38 0.56 0.56 6.15 5.47 6.65 6.35 4.70 2.28 4.61 10.42 Min. 2.19 0.89 0.03 0.64 5.21 0.46 0.46 5.97 5.20 6.73 Type IDS-Subcon mm. Typ. Max. 2.38 1.14 0.23 0.88 5.46 0.58 0.58 6.22
Dim. Min. A A1 A2 b b4 c c2 D D1 E E1 e e1 H L L1 L2 L4 R V2 2.20 0.90 0.03 0.64 5.20 0.45 0.48 6.00
mm. Typ.
Note:
The DPAK package coming from the two subcontractors (Fujitsu and IDS) are fully compatible with the ST's package suggested footprint.
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Package mechanical data
L78MxxC
Figure 36. DPAK footprint recommended data
Table 13.
Footprint data
Values Dim. A B C D E F G mm. 6.70 6.70 1.8 3.0 1.60 2.30 2.30 inch. 0.264 0.64 0.070 0.118 0.063 0.091 0.091
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Package mechanical data
IPAK mechanical data
mm. Dim. Min. A A1 B B2 B3 B5 B6 C C2 D E G H L L1 L2 0 .45 0.48 6 6.4 4.4 15.9 9 0.8 0.8 0.3 0.95 0.6 0.6 6.2 6.6 4.6 16.3 9.4 1.2 1 0.017 0.019 0.236 0.252 0.173 0.626 0.354 0.031 0.031 2.2 0.9 0 .64 5.2 Typ. Max. 2.4 1.1 0 .9 5.4 0.95 0.012 0.037 0.023 0.023 0.244 0.260 0.181 0.641 0.370 0.047 0.039 Min. 0.086 0.035 0.025 0.204 Typ. Max. 0.094 0.043 0.035 0.212 0.037 inch.
0068771-F
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Package mechanical data
L78MxxC
Tape & reel DPAK-PPAK mechanical data
mm. Dim. Min. A C D N T Ao Bo Ko Po P 6.80 10.40 2.55 3.9 7.9 6.90 10.50 2.65 4.0 8.0 12.8 20.2 60 22.4 7.00 10.60 2.75 4.1 8.1 0.268 0.409 0.100 0.153 0.311 0.272 0.413 0.104 0.157 0.315 13.0 Typ. Max. 330 13.2 0.504 0.795 2.362 0.882 0.2.76 0.417 0.105 0.161 0.319 0.512 Min. Typ. Max. 12.992 0.519 i nch.
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Revision history
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Table 14.
Date
Revision history
Document revision history
Revision 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Document updating. Order codes updated. DPAK mechanical data updated and add footprint data. Order codes updated. Added Table 1. Modified: Table 1 on page 1. Modified: Table 1 on page 1 and Table 14 on page 29. Modified: Figure 9 on page 11 and Figure 15 on page 12. Added: Table 11 on page 17, Figure 29 on page 18, Figure 30 on page 19, Figure 31 and Figure 32 on page 20. Changes
21-Jun-2004 30-Aug-2006 29-Nov-2006 06-Jun-2007 10-Dec-2007 19-Feb-2008 15-Jul-2008 07-Apr-2009 14-Jun-2010
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L78MxxC
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