TSM102/A
VOLTAGE AND CURRENT CONTROLLER
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
s LOW SUPPLY CURRENT : 200A/amp. s MEDIUM SPEED : 2.1MHz s LOW LEVEL OUTPUT VOLTAGE CLOSE TO
VCC- : 0.1V typ. s INPUT COMMON MODE VOLTAGE RANGE INCLUDES GROUND COMPARATORS
s LOW SUPPLY CURRENT : 200A/amp. s (VCC = 5V) s INPUT COMMON MODE VOLTAGE RANGE s LOW OUTPUT SATURATION VOLTAGE :
250mV (Io = 4mA) REFERENCE INCLUDES GROUND
D SO16 (Plastic Micropackage)
s s s s s
AD JUSTABLE OUTPUT VOLTAGE : Vref to 36V SINK CURRENT CAPABILITY : 1 to 100mA 1% and 0.4% VOLTAGE PRECISION LACTH-UP IMMUNITY PIN CONNECTIONS (top view)
DESCRIPTION The TSM102 is a monolithic IC that includes two op-amps, two comparators and a precision voltage reference. This device is offering space and cost saving in many applications like power supply management or data acquisition systems. ORDER CODE
Part Number TSM102I TSM102AI Temperature Range -40C, +85C -40C, +85C
Output 1 Inverting Input 1 Non-inverting Input 1 V+ CC
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9
Output 4 Inverting Input Non-inverting Input 4 VCC Non-inverting Input 3 Inverting Input 3 Output 3 Cathode
COMP
COMP
P ackag e
D
Non-inverting Input 2 Inverting Input 2 Output 2 Vref
· ·
D = Small Outline Package (SO) - also available in Tape & Reel (DT)
January 2004
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TSM102/A
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Symbol VCC Vid Vi To p e r Tj DC supply Voltage Differential Input Voltage Input Voltage Operating Free-air Temperature Range Maximum Junction Temperature Thermal Resistante Junction to Ambient Parameter Value 36 36 -0.3 to +36 -40 to +125 150 150 Unit V V V C C C/W
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS VCC+ = 5V, VCC- = 0V, Tamb = 25C (unless otherwise specified)
Symbol ICC Total Supply Current Tmin. Tamb Tmax Parameter M i n. Typ 0.8 Max. 1.5 2 Unit mA
OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER VCC+ = 5V, VCC = GND, R1 connected to V cc/2, Tamb = 25C (unless otherwise specified)
Symbol Vio DVio Iib Iio Parameter Input Offset Voltage Tmin Tamb Tmax Input Offset Voltage Drift Input Bias Current Tmin Tamb Tmax Input Offset Current Tmin Tamb Tmax Large Signal Voltage Gain R1=10k, Vcc + = 30V, Vo = 5V to 25V Tmin Tamb Tmax Supply Voltage Rejection Ratio Vcc = 5V to 30V Input Common Mode Rejection Ratio Tmin Tamb Tmax Common Mode Rejection Ratio Vcc + = 30V, Vicm = 0V to (Vcc+) -1.8 Output Short Circuit Current Vid = 1V, Vo = 2.5V Source Sink High Level Output Voltage VOH Vcc+ = 30V Tmin Tamb Tmax Low Level Output Voltage Tmin Tamb Tmax Slew Rate Vcc = 15V Vi = 10V, RL = 10k, CL = 100pF RL = 10k 1.6 RL = 10k 27 26 28 100 2 150 210 mV V/s 50 25 80 (Vcc-) to (Vcc+) -1.8 (Vcc-) to (Vcc+) -2.2 70 90 dB mA 3 3 6 6 V Min. Typ. 1 10 20 5 100 200 20 40 Max. 4.5 6.5 Unit mV
V/C
nA nA
Avd
100
V/mV
SVR Vicm CMR
100
dB V
Isc
VOL
SR
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TSM102/A
Symbol GBP
Parameter Gain Bandwidth Product RL = 10k, CL = 100pF, f = 100kHZ Phase Margin RL = 10k, CL = 100pF Toatal Harmonic Distortion Equivalent Input Noise Voltage f = 1kHz
Min. 1.4
Typ. 2.1
Max.
Unit MHz Degrees
m
THD en
45 0.05 29 % nV ----------Hz
COMPARATOR S VCC+ = 5V, VCC = Ground, Tamb = 25C (unless otherwise specified)
Symbol Vio Iio Iib IOH Input Offset Voltage Tmin Tamb Tmax Input Offset Current Tmin Tamb Tmax Input Bias Current Tmin Tamb Tmax High Level Output Current Vid = 1V, Vcc = Vo = 30V Tmin Tamb Tmax Low Level Output Voltage Vid = -1V, Isink = 4mA Tmin Tamb Tmax Large Signal Voltage Gain R1 = 15k, Vcc = 15V, Vo = 1 to 11V Output Sink Current Vid = -1V, Vo = 1.5V Input Common Mode Voltage Range Tmin Tamb Tmax Differential Input Voltage Response Time R1 = 5.1k to Vcc+ ,Vref = 1.4V Large Signal Response Time Vref = 1.4V, Vi = TTL, R1 = 5.1k to Vcc +
1)
Parameter
M i n.
Typ
Max. 5 9 50 150 250 400
Unit mV nA nA nA A mV
0.1 1
VOL Avd Isink Vicm Vid tre trel
250
400 700 V/mV
200 6 0 0 16 Vcc+-1.5 Vcc+-2 Vcc+ 1.3 300 ns V mA V
s
1. T he response time specified is for 100mV input step with 5mV overdrive. F or larger overdrive signals, 300ns can be obtained.
VOLTAGE REFERENCE
Symbol VKA Ik Cathode to Anode Voltage Cathode Current Parameter Value Vref to 36 1 to 100 Unit V mA
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TSM102/A
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Tamb = 25C (unless otherwise specified)
Symbol Vref Parameter Reference Input Voltage -(figure1)- Tamb = 25C TSM102, VKA = Vref, IK = 10mA TSM102A, VKA = Vref, IK = 10mA Reference Input Voltage Deviation Over Temperature Range -(figure1, note1)) VKA = Vref , IK = 10mA, Tmin Tamb Tmax Temperature Coefficient of Reference Input Voltage - note2) VKA = Vref , IK = 10mA, Tmin Tamb Tmax Ratio of Change in Reference Input Voltage to Change in Cathode to Anode Voltage -(figure2) IK = 10mA, VKA = 36 to 3V Reference Input Current -(figure2) IK = 10mA, R1 = 10k, R2 = Tamb = 25C Tmin Tamb Tmax Reference Input Current Deviation Over Temperature Range -(figure2) IK = 10mA, R1 = 10k, R2 = Tmin Tamb Tmax Minimum Cathode Current for Regulation -(figure1) VKA = Vref M i n. 2.475 2.490 Typ 2.500 2.500 Max. 2.525 2.510 mV 7 22 30 ppm/C 100 mV/V -1.1 -2 Unit V
Vref V ref --------------T V ref --------------V KA
A
1.5 2.5 3
Iref
A
0.5 1 mA 0.5 1 nA
Iref
Imin
1. 2.
Ioff Off-State Cathode Current -(figure3) 180 500 Vref is defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum values obtained over the full temperature range. Vref= Vref max. - Vref min
T he temperature coefficient is defined as the slopes (positive and negative) of the voltage vs temperature limits whithin which the reference voltage is guaranteed.
-n
V ref max.
max 2.5V min
pp
m
/ C
+n
ppm
/ C
V ref min. T1 T2 Temperature
25C
Temperature
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TSM102/A
Figure 1 : Test Circuit for VKA = Vref
Input
I K
V
KA
V
re f
Figure 2 : Test Circuit for VKA > Vref
Input IK I ref
V KA =V
VKA
R1
1 + R-1 + I ----- R1 ref ref R 2
R2
Vref
Figure 3 : Test Circuit for Ioff
Input I off
VKA = 36V
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APPLICATION NOTE
A BATTERY CHARGER USING THE TSM102
This application note explains how to use the TSM102 in an SMPS-type battery charger which f eat ures : 1 - TSM102 PRESENTATION The TSM102 integrated circuit includes two Operational Amplifiers, two Comparators and one adjustable precision Voltage Reference (2.5V to 36V, 0.4% or 1%). TSM102 can sustain up to 36V power supply volta ge.
s Voltage Control s C urrent Control s Low Battery Detection and End Of Charge
D etection Figure 1: TSM102 Pinout
1 2 3
TSM102
16 15 14
V+ CC
5 6 7
COMP
COMP
VCC
12 11 10
Vref
Cathode
2 - APPLICATION CONTEXT AND PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION In the battery charging field which requires ever increasing performances in more and more reduced space, the TSM102A provides an attractive solution in terms of PCB area saving, precision and versatility. Figure 2 shows the secondary side of a battery charger (SMPS type) where TSM102A is used in optimised conditions : the two Operational Amplifiers perform current and voltage control, the two Comparators provide "End of Charge" and "Low Battery" signals and the Voltage Reference ensures precise reference for all measurements. The TSM102A is supplied by an auxiliary power supply (forward configuration - D7) regulated by a bipolar transistor and a zener diode on its base (Q2 and DZ), and smoothed by the capacitors C3
and C4. R15 polarizes the base of the transistor and at the same time limits the current through the zener diode during regulation mode of the auxiliary power supply. The current and voltage regulations are made thanks to the two Operational Amplifiers. The first amplifier senses the current flow through the sense resistor Rs and compares it with a part of the reference voltage (resistor bridge R7, R8, R9). The second amplifier compares the reference voltage with a part of the charger's output (resistor bridge R1, R2, R3). W hen either of these two operational amplifiers tends to lower its ouput, this linear information is propagated towards the primary side via two ORing diodes (D1, D2) and an optocoupler (D3). The compensation loops of these regulation functions are ensured by the capacitors C1 and C2.
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TSM102/A
Figure 2 : The Application Schematic - Battery Charger Secondary Side
The first comparator ensures the "Low Battery" signal generation thanks to the comparison of a part of the charger's output voltage (resistor bridge R17, R19) and the reference voltage. Proper hysteresis is given thanks to R20. An improvement to the chargers security and to the battery's life time optimization is achieved by lowering the current control measurement thanks to Q1 that shunts the resistor R9 when the battery's voltage is below the "Low Battery" level. The second comparator ensures the "End of Charge" signal generation thanks to the comparison of a part of the charger's output voltage (resistor bridge R1, R2, R3) and the reference voltage. W hen either of these two signals is active, the corresponding LED is polarized for convenient visualization of the battery status. 3 - CALCULATION OF THE ELEMENTS All the components values have been chosen for a two-Lithium-Ion batteries charge application : s C urrent Control : 720mA (Low Battery current control : 250mA) s Voltage Control : 8.4V (= 2x 4.2V) s Low Battery : 5.6V (= 2x 2.5V + 0.6V) s End of Charge : 8.3V (= 2x 4.15V) Current Control : The voltage reference is polarized thanks to the R4 resistor (2.5mA), and the cathode of the reference gives a fixed 2.500V voltage.
I = U / R = [Vref( R8 + R9 ) / (R7 + R8 + R9) ] / Rs = [2.5 x (390 + 820) / (10000 + 390 + 820)] / 0.375 = 720mA 7/9
I = 720mA P = power dissipation through the sense resistor = R I2 = 0.375 x 0.7202 = 194mW In case of "Low Battery" conditions, the current control is lowered thanks to the following equation : I = U / R = [ Vref R8 / (R7 + R8) ] / Rs = [ 2.5 x 390 / (10000 + 390 ) ] / 0.375 = 250mA I (LoBatt) = 250mA Voltage Control : Vout = Vref / [ R2 / (R1 + R2 + R3) ] = 2.5 / [ 56 / (131.5 + 56 + 0.68 ) ] = 8.400V Vout = 8.400V Low Battery signal : If R5 = 0 and R6 = open : Vout(LoBatt) = Vref / [ R19 / ( R17 + R19 ) ] = 2.5 / [ 10 / (12.4 + 10) ] = 5.6V Vout(LoBatt) = 5.6V End of Charge signal : Vout(EOC) = Vref / [ (R2 + R3 ) / (R1 + R2 + R3) ] = 2.5 / [(56 + 0.68) / (131.5 + 56 + 0.68)] = 8.300V Vout (EOC)= 8.300V
TSM102/A
No tes: The current control values must be chosen in accordance with the elements of the primary side. The performances of the battery charger in their globality are highly dependent on the adequation of the primary and the secondary elements. The addition of the diode D9 is necessary to avoid dramatic discharge of the battery cells in case of the charger disconnection from the mains voltage, and therefore, the voltage measurement is to be operated on the cathode side of the diode not to take its voltage drop into account. The total bridge value of R1, R2, R3 must ensure low battery discharge if the charger is disconnected from main, but remains connected to the battery by mistake. The chosen values impose a 44A discharge current max. R12 and R13 are the equivalent resistors seen from the opamp and from the comparator. A hysteresis resistor can be connected to the "End Of Charge" comparator to ensure proper hysteresis to this signal, but this resistor must be chosen carefully not to degrade the output voltage precision. It might be needed to impose unidirectionnal hysteresis (by inserting a diode on the positive feedback of the comparator). Figure 3 shows how to use the integrated Voltage Reference to build a precise Power Supply for the TSM102A (and other components if necessary). Pin 8 remains the reference for all voltage measurements for the rest of the application.
Figure 3 : A precise power supply for the TSM102A and other components
Vaux
Vcc
+
Vaux 9 13 TSM102 Vref 8
+
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TSM102/A
PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA
SO-16 MECHANICAL DATA
DIM. A a1 a2 b b1 C c1 D E e e3 F G L M S 8 3.8 4.6 0.5 9.8 5.8 1.27 8.89 4.0 5.3 1.27 0.62 (max.) 0.149 0.181 0.019 10 6.2 0.35 0.19 0.5 45 (typ.) 0.385 0.228 0.050 0.350 0.157 0.208 0.050 0.024 0.393 0.244 0.1 mm. MIN. TYP MAX. 1.75 0.2 1.65 0.46 0.25 0.013 0.007 0.019 0.004 MIN. inch TYP. MAX. 0.068 0.008 0.064 0.018 0.010
PO13H
In formatio n furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previo usly supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of STMicroelectronics. The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics All other names are the property of their respective owners. 2004 STMicroelectronics - All Rights Reserved
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